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Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.

Nandrolone and oxandrolone could help treat male health issues like muscle loss and low testosterone.

Testosterone therapy can help women with androgen deficiency by improving energy, sex drive, and bone health with few side effects.

Testosterone is crucial for development, growth, and various body functions in mammals.

A boy with a rare form of early puberty caused by a new gene mutation responded well to treatment aimed at reducing testosterone and preserving adult height.

Testosterone replacement may help postmenopausal women with sexual function and bone density, but suitable treatments are limited.

Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.

Ovarian vein sampling helped diagnose rare ovarian tumors causing high testosterone, and surgery to remove the tumors lowered the testosterone levels.

Hormonal changes and psychological issues can cause sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. Behavioral therapy is recommended first, with hormone replacement helping some symptoms but not libido. Testosterone can improve libido, but its effects on overall sexual function are unclear. Emotional and relationship issues should be addressed before using medication, and the benefits and risks of testosterone supplementation should be considered.

Testosterone and its metabolites affect brain functions and could help treat neurological disorders.

The patient's high testosterone was reduced by a medication that suppresses gonadotropin.

Ovarian steroid cell tumors should be considered in adults with hirsutism and high testosterone, with surgery as the main treatment.

New treatments for PCOS focus on insulin resistance and reducing testosterone levels, along with traditional hormone therapies.

Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.

Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.

Some newly made compounds can block an enzyme linked to hair loss and prostate growth, with one in particular being very selective.

Patients with PCOS tend to score their hirsutism higher than clinicians, making self-scoring less useful for diagnosis.

A male patient developed frontal fibrosing alopecia after antiandrogen therapy for prostate cancer.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is crucial for conditions like male-pattern baldness and acne, and measuring a byproduct, androstanediol glucuronide, is a better way to assess DHT's effects than DHT blood levels.

Use antiandrogens and other treatments for hair loss.

Treatments for hair loss include hormone modifiers, minoxidil, and hair transplant surgery.

Finasteride effectively treats BPH but may increase sexual dysfunction risk.

PCOS is a complex condition with major health impacts, needing more research for better diagnosis and treatment.

The guide recommends specific methods for diagnosing PCOS and various treatments for its symptoms, while considering the health impacts on adolescents.

Human skin makes sexual hormones that affect hair growth, skin health, and healing; too much can cause acne and hair loss, while treatments can manage these conditions.

Cyproterone acetate is effective for acne but less so for hirsutism and alopecia, with some side effects and quick menstrual cycle recovery after treatment.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Male pattern hair loss could hint at androgens affecting COVID-19 severity.

5α‐reductase isozymes are crucial for prostate development and health, and targeting them can help prevent and treat prostate issues.

A three-month treatment with a GnRH agonist significantly lowered androgen levels and 5α-reductase activity in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia.