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This study indicates that insulin changes sex hormone levels in insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome without affecting gonadotropin release, challenging the idea that hyperinsulinemia directly causes hyperandrogenism in PCO.

This study found that lifestyle interventions improved body composition, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS, but did not affect glucose tolerance, lipid profiles, or clinical reproductive outcomes.

This review discusses human sebocyte in vitro models for studying sebaceous gland function and control but reports no new clinical results, highlighting hormonal effects and the impact of retinoids on sebocyte activity.

This review discusses sex differences in the neuroendocrine response to stress, focusing primarily on rodent studies, and highlights open questions about the roles of gonadal hormones and sex chromosomes.

This study found that SZ95 sebocytes and HaCaT keratinocytes exhibit distinct enzyme expressions and activities, implicating their different roles in androgen metabolism and homeostasis in vitro.

This study found significant species differences in the enzyme activity and inhibitor affinities of prostatic 5α-reductases from rats, dogs, and humans, with variable potencies for different 3-oxo-4-azasteroid inhibitors across species.

This study observed that androgen levels rise with pubic hair development in Tanner stages, differing by sex and age, with DHEA showing a significant prepubertal increase especially in precocious adrenarche.

This study observed that serum levels of oestradiol, testosterone, and androstenedione increase rapidly with the onset of puberty and continue to rise after menarche, with anovulatory cycles being common in early postmenarchal girls.

This abstract reviews the role of finasteride and potential dual 5alpha-reductase inhibitors in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia, suggesting that dual inhibitors may offer greater DHT suppression and therapeutic advantages, while emphasizing the need for clinical evaluation.

This study found that ethosomal carriers enhanced dermal and transdermal drug delivery more effectively than classic liposomes, improving delivery to deep skin layers and showing potential for treating conditions like herpes labialis and diabetes.

This study found that plasma 3 alpha-diol glucuronide was markedly elevated in women with idiopathic hirsutism, suggesting it may be a marker of peripheral androgen action.

This study found that caucasian subjects had higher serum levels of 5 alpha-reduced androgen metabolites compared to Chinese subjects, suggesting racial differences in 5 alpha-reductase activity and a potential mechanism for increased body hair in caucasian men.

In this study, cross-sex hormone therapy affected hair growth patterns differently, with estrogen reducing hair growth in male-to-female transsexuals and testosterone increasing it in female-to-male transsexuals; however, male typical hair diameters were not fully reached in the latter group after 12 months.

These guidelines recommend testing thyroid function in patients with obesity due to common hypothyroidism, and highlight that weight loss is crucial for addressing hormonal imbalances, with only modest weight loss benefits from treating endocrine disorders.

This study found that prepubertal girls have significantly higher levels of estrogens and androgen metabolites compared to age-matched boys, which may contribute to their earlier onset of puberty.

Male and female mice have different skin thickness, and hormones affect their skin and hair growth differently.

In this study, hyperandrogenemia in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome was linked to higher blood pressure, independent of factors like age, insulin resistance, obesity, or dyslipidemia.

This review discusses the effects of hormonal treatments on the physical and mental health of transgender individuals, reporting significant reductions in mental health issues following treatment, but calls for more research on long-term and nonbinary outcomes.

Myrtle has various health benefits and potential for medicine development.

This study found that adults with sickle cell anemia exhibited androgen deficiency due to primary testicular failure, and there was a significant correlation between erythrocyte zinc levels and serum testosterone.

This review outlines the complexities of understanding DHT biosynthesis and metabolism in the human prostate and reports no new findings, emphasizing the need for further research into the pathways involved.

This article reviews potential prevention and intervention strategies for prostate cancer, including 5alpha-reductase inhibition, but reports no new clinical findings.

This paper reviews the role of androgens in human skin function and the challenges in developing treatments for androgen-associated disorders, reporting no new experimental results.

This study found that finasteride significantly suppresses serum dihydrotestosterone levels at all tested doses in normal male volunteers without significant adverse effects.

This review discusses the creation of transgender-specific guidelines by WPATH and the Endocrine Society, based mostly on clinical experience, and reports no new results.

This review explores the complex endocrine functions of human skin and its role as a peripheral endocrine organ, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that blocking androgen receptors inhibits testicular descent in rats more effectively during the early stages of gubernacular outgrowth than inhibiting 5a-reductase.

This study found that spironolactone reduced serum androstenedione and anagen hair shaft diameter in hirsute patients but did not significantly alter unbound testosterone levels, suggesting its effects are primarily peripheral.

This review explores the structural and functional sex differences in mammals beyond reproductive organs, highlighting variations in life expectancy, organ size, metabolism, and immune function, but it reports no new results.

In this study of women with hirsutism or androgenic alopecia, diverse underlying endocrine disorders including polycystic ovaries and various enzyme deficiencies were detected, often associated with elevated testosterone levels.