Gonadal Function Abnormalities in Sickle Cell Anemia

The study evaluated 32 adult male patients with sickle cell anemia and found that 29 exhibited abnormal secondary sex characteristics, with most showing eunuchoidal skeletal proportions. Pubic hair growth stages were delayed compared to normal individuals. Hormonal assays in 14 patients revealed lower levels of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and androstenedione, indicating primary testicular failure. Additionally, decreased erythrocyte and hair zinc concentrations were observed, with a positive correlation between erythrocyte zinc and serum testosterone levels. The findings suggested that androgen deficiency in sickle cell anemia was due to primary hypogonadism, and further research was needed to explore zinc's role in testicular failure.