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Primary care is key in managing PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes and medications like birth control and metformin.

New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.

The document concludes that individualized treatment and lifestyle changes are important for managing menopause symptoms and health risks.

Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.

Testosterone replacement therapy helps manage deficiency and has various methods, but requires careful monitoring to avoid side effects.

Postmenopausal hyperandrogenism, a condition with symptoms like increased hair growth and acne, is usually caused by PCOS but can also be due to other factors. It's diagnosed by checking testosterone levels and treated either by removing the adrenal tumor or through antiandrogen therapy.

The levonorgestrel implant increases free testosterone and lowers SHBG more than DMPA-IM and the copper IUD.

Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.

Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.

Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.

Birth control pills containing cyproterone acetate improve the quality of life more for women with polycystic ovary syndrome after 6 months of use.

A 5 mg dose of transdermal testosterone cream effectively restores testosterone levels in postmenopausal women.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.

Choosing the right recall period for patient feedback is important for accurate data and depends on the disease, symptom changes, and patient impact.

The review recommends hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency to manage symptoms and protect health, with specific approaches for different groups.

Some medications can cause acne, and stopping these drugs is the main treatment.

The article suggests using four questions to tell apart necessary medicalization from excessive medicalization, focusing on problem significance, social expectations, medical understanding, and effective resolution.

Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.

Acne can appear or persist in adulthood due to hormonal changes, external factors, or substance use, and requires appropriate treatment.

Finasteride reduces prostate size and PSA levels in young patients.

Allopregnanolone can reduce gut inflammation and normalize neurotransmitter levels after finasteride withdrawal.

Testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women appears safe and may protect against heart disease, but requires constant monitoring and more research for long-term effects.

Both estrogens and androgens are important for health in both males and females.

Baicalin may help reduce excessive male hormone levels in PCOS.

Centratherum anthelminticum seed extract effectively treats Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in rats.

Most non-medical students at Tarumanagara University have good knowledge and attitudes about PCOS.

Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.

Genetic defects in androgen production are linked to male developmental disorders and are improving treatment understanding.

A 13-year-old with 46 XY DSD had ambiguous genitalia due to incomplete masculinization.