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The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Vitiligo is a skin condition causing white spots, more common in women, often starts before age 20, and can affect mental health.

Photobiomodulation therapy using red and near-infrared light can reduce inflammation and aid in healing various conditions.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

Fat-related cells are important for initiating hair growth.

Targeting colon cancer stem cells might lead to better treatment results.

Obesity affects skin health, causing conditions like acanthosis nigricans and may require different treatment approaches.

Minoxidil boosts hair growth by opening potassium channels and increasing cell activity.

Testosterone is important for men's sexual function, may help some women's sexual desire, while other hormones and neurotransmitters also play complex roles in sexual behavior.

Corticosteroids, especially prednisone, improve short-term muscle strength in Duchenne muscular dystrophy but have manageable side effects.

Cushing's syndrome can cause serious health problems, and early treatment is crucial, but some issues may remain after treatment.

Finasteride and minoxidil are effective for hair loss, but continued research is needed for better treatments.

Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Super-enhancers controlled by pioneer factors like SOX9 are crucial for stem cell adaptability and identity.

The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.

The document concludes that the understanding of scar formation is incomplete and current prevention and treatment for hypertrophic scars and keloids are not fully effective.

Polysaccharides have many health benefits and are used in drugs, but isolating and purifying them is complex and requires careful methods.

The research found that different types of fibroblasts are involved in wound healing and that some blood cells can turn into fat cells during this process.

The circadian clock affects skin stem cell behavior, impacting aging and cancer risk.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss, influenced by genetics, stress, and diet, and may be prevented by a high soy oil diet.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

The article suggests managing interferon beta therapy side effects in MS with dose adjustments, medications, and patient education.

Chemotherapy can cause various skin reactions, with hair loss being the most common, and proper diagnosis and treatment of these reactions are important.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand disease causes in the elderly and has found new risk factors and genetic influences on various conditions.

Mutations in the SRD5A3 gene cause a new type of glycosylation disorder by blocking the production of a molecule necessary for protein glycosylation.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.

Wnt1/βcatenin signaling is crucial for heart repair after injury.