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Animal models have helped understand hair loss from alopecia areata and find new treatments.

Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.

Lichen Planopilaris and Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia may help us understand hair follicle stem cell disorders and suggest new treatments.

Excessive selenium from a supplement caused toxicity but patients recovered with care.

Dandruff is mainly caused by a scalp reaction to yeast, can worsen hair loss, and antifungal treatments may help.

Women with PCOS often have skin problems like excessive hair, acne, hair loss, and dark patches, which can be treated with hormonal and non-hormonal therapies.

Finasteride effectively reduces hair growth in women with idiopathic hirsutism, but requires careful contraception during treatment.

Insulin resistance may contribute to various skin diseases and treating it could improve skin health and prevent more serious conditions.

Topical drugs and near-infrared light therapy show potential for treating alopecia.

Lifestyle changes improve metabolism and fertility in overweight PCOS patients; anti-obesity drugs show potential but need more research.

Advanced human skin models improve drug development and could replace animal testing.

PCOS affects women's health by increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and reproductive issues.

The intensive conventional diet with exercise led to better long-term weight loss and health improvements than the very low calorie diet in obese type 2 diabetics.

Some plant-based treatments can help with benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

The conclusion is that the best initial treatment for hirsutism is usually oral contraceptives, with the addition of antiandrogens or insulin sensitizers if needed, and topical eflornithine or laser treatments as supplementary options.

Doctors need to be better prepared to assess and treat obesity in patients.

Macrophages are vital for skin healing, hair growth, salt balance, and cancer defense.

The p53 protein has complex, sometimes contradictory functions, including tumor suppression and promoting cell survival.

Scalp cooling can reduce chemotherapy-induced hair loss and should be available in all hospitals.

Genetic screening is crucial for accurately diagnosing APS-1 due to its varied symptoms.

Liraglutide caused significant weight loss in some obese women with PCOS, especially those with severe obesity and insulin resistance.

Finasteride affects brain and blood steroids, causing lasting sexual and emotional side effects.

The study found that immune responses disrupt hair growth cycles, causing hair loss in alopecia areata.

Dermatologists play a key role in treating skin symptoms of PCOS like dark patches, excess hair, acne, and hair loss.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is linked to higher risk of hypertension and heart disease.

Microneedling can help stimulate hair growth, especially when used with other treatments, but it's not better than existing therapies.

Post-finasteride patients show changed neuroactive steroid levels, possibly causing erectile dysfunction and depression.

Products should be called 'sperm-safe' only after thorough, well-designed tests.

The document concludes that the skin's immune system is complex, involving interactions with hair follicles, nerves, and microbes, and can protect or cause disease, offering targets for new treatments.

Nanocarrier-loaded gels improve drug delivery for cancer, skin conditions, and hair loss.