54 citations,
October 2002 in “Journal of controlled release” Medium lipophilic substances penetrate skin best, and adding ethanol can increase delivery to hair follicles.
47 citations,
September 2016 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” The skin's ability to produce hormones is linked to various skin conditions, and better understanding this process could lead to new treatments.
3 citations,
October 1995 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Finasteride helps treat skin issues like acne and baldness by blocking testosterone conversion.
1 citations,
July 2005 in “Drugs and the pharmaceutical sciences” Targeting drugs to hair follicles can treat skin conditions, but reaching deep follicle areas is hard and needs more research.
Human scalp hair follicles have PGE2 and its receptors, which might affect hair growth.
2 citations,
September 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Each group of hair follicles on the scalp shares one muscle that helps control hair movement.
September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Regulatory γδ T cells help protect hair follicles from alopecia areata and promote hair regrowth.
130 citations,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).
24 citations,
September 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” The study found that hair follicles are above muscle connections in the scalp, which may help protect stem cell areas.
51 citations,
January 1989 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Men with male-pattern baldness have more androgen receptors in their scalp's oil glands, which may contribute to hair loss.
19 citations,
November 2012 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Dopamine stops hair growth and pigment production in human scalp hair follicles.
205 citations,
March 2012 in “Science Translational Medicine” PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.
January 2016 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” A substance called prostaglandin D2 is found more in bald scalps and it stops hair from growing. Blocking its receptor could potentially treat hair loss.
May 2012 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Prostaglandin D2, found in higher levels in bald scalps, stops hair growth, suggesting that blocking its receptor could potentially treat hair loss.
52 citations,
December 2014 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Apremilast may help treat hair loss in alopecia areata.
A new peptide, murikal/SPR4, was found to significantly increase hair growth in mice, and its liposomal topical formulations enhanced hair growth more than commercial products. However, results on human scalp skin were unclear, needing more tests.
93 citations,
April 2012 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Improving skin barrier and using antifungal treatments can help manage dandruff.
50 citations,
May 2004 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” Estrogens generally inhibit hair growth and improve skin quality, but their exact effects on hair follicles are complex and not fully understood.
48 citations,
November 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Tofacitinib 2% ointment helped hair regrow in 3 out of 10 patients with alopecia areata, but caused side effects like scalp irritation and raised cholesterol in some.
44 citations,
August 2008 in “Archives of Dermatology” Trichoscopy is a non-invasive way to diagnose hair and scalp problems without needing hair samples.
1 citations,
January 2022 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” The new skin cream with FOL-005 safely promotes hair growth and is stable and user-friendly.
1 citations,
January 2015 in “Springer eBooks” Chemotherapy can cause skin side effects that affect patients' lives, but they can be managed to avoid interrupting cancer treatment.
October 2015 in “CRC Press eBooks” Trichoscopy is a useful tool for examining and monitoring hair and scalp conditions.
January 2017 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that scalp health is influenced by complex factors affecting sebaceous glands, including hormones, aging, and various substances.
August 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Different types of skin cells create unique support structures that can affect skin cell growth and could help in skin repair.
434 citations,
October 2003 in “PTR. Phytotherapy research/Phytotherapy research” Natural products in cosmetics are beneficial for skin and hair care with low toxicity.
39 citations,
October 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Some patients with mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome experience hair loss, which may be similar to alopecia areata or linked to skin lesions, possibly due to abnormal T cells, and bexarotene can help treat it.
27 citations,
September 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Human skin cells contain Protease Nexin-1, and male hormones can decrease its levels, potentially affecting hair growth.
19 citations,
March 2013 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” The study found unique skin changes in a rare type of alopecia linked to a skin condition called linear morphea.
14 citations,
May 1987 in “Archives of Dermatology” Tissue expansion is an effective treatment for certain types of hair loss, providing immediate coverage with hair-bearing skin.