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The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Patients with advanced breast cancer and high hormone receptor levels who had surgery for ovarian/pelvic metastases lived longer, especially if they had high estrogen receptor levels.

Get head MRI for babies with achondroplasia early, use free immunoglobulin light chains to detect certain neurodevelopmental disorders, and video calls work for speech therapy in patients with facial anomalies.

Individualized treatment plans, including lifestyle changes and specific medications, are crucial for managing PCOS in adolescents.

Yoga Nidra improves well-being and reduces anxiety in women with PCOS.

Anovulatory PCOS patients are younger with longer cycles and higher blood pressure and hormone levels.

STK11 gene variations do not predict how well metformin will work for PCOS, but may affect hair loss and excess hair growth.

Nonobese, normotensive Indian women with PCOS may have a higher risk of heart problems linked to inflammation and insulin resistance.

Exposure to plastics may increase the risk of irregular menstrual cycles and symptoms of hormone imbalance in teenage girls.

Managing PCOS effectively requires focusing on psychological health, lifestyle changes, and medication.

HNG may help prevent the negative effects of chemotherapy on sperm production and white blood cell counts.

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

While PCOS might increase the risk of heart disease, there's not strong evidence to prove it causes earlier heart problems.

The document likely offers guidance on treating a woman's excessive hair growth, considering her symptoms and obesity.

Antiandrogens like flutamide are effective in treating conditions like prostate cancer and hair loss, but there's a need for more potent versions. Understanding their structure can help develop better treatments.

Women with PCOS are more likely to have impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes, especially if they are Asian or obese.

Spironolactone is a safe and effective treatment for reducing excessive hair growth in women.

Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.

Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas and hair loss on the scalp.

Fat-derived stem cells show promise for skin repair and reducing aging signs but need more research for consistent results.

Finasteride exposure in pregnancy causes genital abnormalities in male rats.

Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.

People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.

Testosterone replacement may help some postmenopausal women with symptoms like fatigue and low libido, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects.

Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.

Women with PCOS may take longer to get pregnant but can have a normal family size, and should manage their overall health to reduce long-term health risks.

New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.

Hirsutism is excessive hair growth in women often caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome, and identifying the cause is important for managing associated health risks.

Adults with polycystic ovary syndrome are much more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea.