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Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss; more research needed for other options.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.

PCOS in teens is hard to diagnose, linked to genetics and lifestyle, and managed with weight loss and medication.

The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.

PCOS affects women's health by increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and reproductive issues.

Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.

Androgens cause skin issues like acne and hair growth in women, often due to PCOS, and can be treated with medication and lifestyle changes.

The document concludes that for hair and feather growth, it's better to target the environment around stem cells than the cells themselves.

Androgens can both promote and prevent hair growth due to differences in gene expression in hair follicles.

Black ethnicity, prior PSA tests, enlarged prostate, and family history increase prostate cancer risk; Asian ethnicity, obesity, smoking, diabetes, and less sexual activity or no children decrease risk.

Myo-inositol helps improve skin conditions and metabolic profiles in young women with PCOS.

Hair sensitivity to androgens is partly controlled by specific enzyme expressions in different hair areas.

PCOS symptoms change with age; younger women have higher androgen levels and less metabolic issues, while older women face more metabolic challenges despite milder PCOS symptoms.

Some parents have a mild form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia without symptoms, and they usually don't need treatment.

Dermatologists play a key role in treating skin symptoms of PCOS like dark patches, excess hair, acne, and hair loss.

Insulin resistance contributes to hormone imbalances in many women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Understanding how hair follicle stem cells work can help find new ways to prevent hair loss and promote hair growth.

SHBG may be a useful early indicator and treatment target for PCOS.

Male pattern baldness is mostly inherited, involves many genes, and is linked to other traits like early puberty and strong bones.

Products should be called 'sperm-safe' only after thorough, well-designed tests.

Acne significantly affects mental health and quality of life, with research suggesting hormonal and genetic factors in its development and emphasizing early treatment to prevent scarring.

Children's hair grows in different types from before birth through puberty, with growth rates and characteristics varying by age, sex, and race.

Patients with Bohring-Opitz syndrome and ASXL1 mutations need regular kidney ultrasounds to check for tumors.

Different women's hair and skin glands respond to hormones in varied ways, which can cause unwanted hair growth even with normal hormone levels, and more research is needed to treat this effectively.

Nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia is a genetic condition that can cause early puberty and fertility problems, treated with specific steroids.

Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.

DHT, a testosterone byproduct, causes male pattern baldness.

AMH helps estimate ovarian reserve but doesn't predict pregnancy chances; age is more important.