67 citations,
December 1990 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Researchers found genes for cysteine-rich proteins that form the protective layer of hair in humans and sheep.
22 citations,
June 2017 in “Stem cell reports” PTEN helps control the number and health of skin stem cells by working with the protein BMAL1.
13 citations,
January 2021 in “Scientific Reports” Pannexin 3 helps skin and hair growth by controlling a protein called Epiprofin.
7 citations,
January 2010 in “Animal” Angora goat hair grows faster and produces more protein than cashmere goat hair, and certain hormones and nutrients positively affect hair growth and protein synthesis.
1 citations,
June 2013 in “Science-business Exchange” Increasing the levels of a protein called FGF9 can promote hair growth, but humans may not respond the same way due to a lack of certain cells.
November 2023 in “npj regenerative medicine” Skin spheroids with both outer and inner layers are key for regrowing skin patterns and hair.
August 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Frog skin cells need the protein desmoplakin for proper development and cell layer formation.
June 2014 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Eczema patients have a lower skin lipid to protein ratio, older and longer-staying hospital patients are more likely to get pressure ulcers, hair loss in AGA is linked to muscle degeneration, vitamin D deficiency is common in alopecia areata and linked to its severity, standard liver tests don't effectively detect fibrosis in psoriasis patients on methotrexate, and bullous pemphigoid patients have a higher death risk but combination therapy may reduce it.
129 citations,
May 2015 in “Cell Stem Cell” Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.
90 citations,
February 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.
65 citations,
February 2009 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Anti-acne medications may work by reducing the activity of a protein involved in acne development.
44 citations,
June 2009 in “Biomaterials” Skin cell clumping for hair growth is improved by a protein called fibronectin, which helps cells stick and move better.
28 citations,
July 2008 in “Developmental Biology” Smad4 is important for healthy hair follicles because it helps produce a protein needed for hair to stick together and grow.
28 citations,
February 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Urokinase, a type of protein, helps skin cells multiply faster, especially in newborn mice.
19 citations,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
14 citations,
April 2019 in “Genes” Researchers found a genetic region that influences the number of coat layers in dogs.
9 citations,
January 2018 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” A substance called poly(I:C) increases a protein called carbonic anhydrase II in skin cells, which might help with skin defense and healing.
2 citations,
April 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The skin's basement membrane is specially designed to support different types of connections between skin layers and hair follicles.
2 citations,
June 2016 in “International journal of experimental pathology” Human skin has less GDNF and its receptor with age.
April 2024 in “Molecules/Molecules online/Molecules annual” The composite sponge helps heal diabetic wounds by reducing inflammation and promoting new blood vessel growth.
November 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Scientists made a mouse that shows how a specific protein in the skin changes and affects hair growth and shape.
September 2021 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Not having enough or having too much of the protein Grainyhead-like 3 leads to various developmental problems.
January 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Some cells may slow melanoma growth, a protein could affect skin pigmentation, a gene-silencing method might treat hair defects, skin bacteria changes likely result from eczema, and a defensin protein could help treat multiple sclerosis.
147 citations,
September 2006 in “Developmental Cell” Too much Smad7 changes skin and hair development by breaking down a protein called β-catenin, leading to more oil glands and fewer hair follicles.
75 citations,
October 2016 in “Genes & Development” Cells in hair follicles help create fat cells in the skin by releasing a protein called Sonic Hedgehog.
63 citations,
May 2015 in “PloS one” GALT5 and GALT2 are important for plant growth and development because they help with protein glycosylation.
47 citations,
May 1995 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Hair follicles in people with alopecia have lower levels of a key blood vessel growth protein.
41 citations,
September 2005 in “Wound Repair and Regeneration” Hydrogen peroxide can cause scars by changing healing processes and increasing certain protein levels.
5 citations,
May 2020 in “Life science alliance” Removing integrin α3β1 from hair stem cells lowers skin tumor growth by affecting CCN2 protein levels.
4 citations,
August 2018 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), a protein-rich extract from a patient's blood, shows promise in improving hair density, thickness, and quality, but the best method of use and number of treatments needed for noticeable results are still unclear.