26SCS-Loaded SilMA/Col Composite Sponge with Well-Arranged Layers Promotes Angiogenesis-Based Diabetic Wound Repair by Mediating Macrophage Inflammatory Response

The study developed a 26SCS-loaded SilMA/Col composite sponge to promote diabetic wound healing by modulating macrophage inflammatory responses and enhancing angiogenesis. The sponges, characterized by high porosity and well-arranged layers, facilitated macrophage polarization from the pro-inflammatory M1 to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, increasing the expression of angiogenic factors like VEGF and PDGF-BB. In vitro and in vivo tests demonstrated significant improvements in cell proliferation, wound healing rates, re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, and hair follicle regeneration. Optimal 26SCS concentrations (5.0 and 7.5 mg/mL) were most effective, suggesting the composite sponges as a promising treatment for diabetic wounds.