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This study observed that cathepsin L and transglutaminase 3 colocalize in the human hair bulb and nail matrix, suggesting their involvement in terminal differentiation within these epidermal appendages.

This study suggests that among GLP-1 agonists, liraglutide and exenatide are linked to the highest rates of gastrointestinal issues, including potentially pancreatitis-related enzyme changes noted in animal models.

This study found that enzyme replacement therapy in mice with a severe form of classical homocystinuria improved metabolic patterns and alleviated many clinical symptoms.

This study analyzed safety data for semaglutide, liraglutide, and tirzepatide from the EudraVigilance database, identifying potential safety signals not listed in current SmPCs, such as optic ischemic neuropathy and pancreatitis, underscoring the importance of ongoing pharmacovigilance.

This study reports that mutations in human L-PGDS affect the entrance and exit of ligands in its binding cavity, suggesting these residues play a role in ligand interaction processes.

This review discusses the structural and functional advances in understanding sulfotransferases and sulfatases, highlighting new insights into enzyme mechanisms and inactivation by clinically relevant aryl sulfamates, but provides no new experimental results.

In this report, an 18-year-old female with trichotillomania was successfully treated using the glutamate modulator n-acetylcysteine.

This study found that keratin damage in mammals and birds can result from N-homocysteinylation, reducing keratin solubility and indicating significant protein modification through genetic or nutritional disruptions in homocysteine metabolism.

In this study, sequences upstream of the TGM3 gene were found to regulate epithelial-specific gene expression in keratinocytes, suggesting potential applications in gene therapy.

This study found that thalamic GABAA receptor α4 subunit levels increased after prolonged ethanol exposure and were regulated by phosphorylation and neuroactive steroids following acute high-dose ethanol administration.

Transamidases are present in the epidermis but their exact role is unclear.

This study found that glycinergic synapses in the rat spinal cord are predominantly associated with gephyrin, though gephyrin may also be present at non-glycinergic synapses.

This study found that presynaptic inhibition of Aαβ cutaneous primary afferents in cats is mostly mediated by GABAergic interneurons that also contain glycine.

TG5 helps maintain hair follicle health, while TG3 aids in hair shaft development.

In this study, thalamic GABAA receptor α4 subunit levels were regulated after acute and chronic ethanol exposure, with temporal expression changes affected by phosphorylation state and neuroactive steroids.

This study found that citrullinated proteins, which are implicated in rheumatoid arthritis, were abundant in outer membrane vesicles from Porphyromonas gingivalis but nearly absent in mutants, validating their approach to citrullinated peptide identification.

This study reports that riboflavin may increase enzymatic activity in a GCDH-deficient patient with specific mutations, but doesn't fully normalize urinary organic acid levels.

This study found that early diagnosis using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and appropriate long-term treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in patients with methylmalonic acidemia.

This review discusses recent advances in polydopamine-based biomaterials and their growing potential in personalized medicine, but reports no new experimental results; the authors highlight both opportunities and challenges for future applications.

This study found that exogenous glutamic acid can promote hair growth and keratinocyte proliferation, suggesting a novel signalling pathway in the skin.

This review discusses the potential of using triads of repositioned medicines targeting multiple pathogenic mechanisms to prevent or delay retina degeneration, but reports no new results.

This study reports that patients with Alzheimer's disease have increased levels of polyamines in their hair.

This article reviews adverse drug reactions, emphasizes methods of prevention, and encourages reporting to the FDA's medWatch program, but presents no new study findings.

In this study, transgenic mice overexpressing the SSAT gene were highly sensitive to polyamine analogues, leading to severe liver changes and high mortality rates after treatment.

This article presents five cases of valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy in psychiatric patients treated at the authors' clinic and discusses existing literature on this side effect.

Some people have a genetic variation that makes them less effective at breaking down drugs.

This study found that a more liberal intake of restricted amino acids in patients with methylmalonic acidemia resulted in improved growth and fewer illness episodes.

This chapter discusses the synthesis and analysis of near-infrared fluorescent activity-based probes for imaging cysteine protease activity, reporting potential benefits for disease diagnosis but noting challenges in imaging specific locations with high cathepsin activity.