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Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

Human hair contains more glycosaminoglycans in children than adults, and these compounds decrease with age, possibly affecting hair thickness.

Ayurvedic treatments showed promise in treating premature graying of hair without harmful effects.

A rare ovarian tumor caused high testosterone and excess hair in a woman, which was resolved after tumor removal.

Antiandrogens and androgen inhibitors like spironolactone, finasteride, and dutasteride can treat hair loss and skin conditions, but they have risks and side effects, including potential harm to pregnant women and risks of cancer and heart issues. Herbal remedies also have antiandrogenic effects but lack safety validation.

Planarian regeneration begins with a specific gene activation caused by injury, essential for healing and tissue regrowth.

Dextran sulfate was found to be toxic and ineffective for treating HIV.

Laminin-511 is crucial for early hair growth and maintaining important hair development signals.

Short-chain fatty acids from *Cutibacterium acnes* cause skin inflammation, contributing to acne.

The document suggests a possible link between Crohn's disease and Johne's disease and calls for more research.

Women with regular menstrual cycles and PCOS have linked kisspeptin and LH hormone patterns, unlike those with irregular cycles.

Thyroid function affects skin health, with a complex interaction between the two.

Dutasteride effectively treats enlarged prostate, reduces prostate cancer risk, and promotes hair regrowth with few side effects.

Cyproterone acetate is effective for treating hirsutism and acne but less so for hair loss, with side effects similar to birth control pills.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

Intermittent low-dose finasteride works as well as daily use for treating excessive hair growth in women.

The research explains how a human enzyme binds and processes its substrate, which could relate to its role in biological functions and hair loss.

A woman developed male traits from accidental contact with her husband's testosterone gel.

Chronic scalp pain in trichodynia involves both body-wide and localized increased pain sensitivity.

Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause skin darkening and increased blood vessels, but treatment can improve symptoms.

Topical finasteride doesn't reduce DHT levels, hinting at an endocrine role in hair loss.

A woman's masculine symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which improved after surgery.

Active oxygen species might be involved in skin tumor growth, but their exact role is unclear.

Hereditary elliptocytosis causes elongated red blood cells and can lead to mild or no symptoms.

Women with PCOS have lower amylin levels, which are not related to their body weight.

Young Indian women with PCOS have a higher risk of heart disease, not linked to thyroid function but to higher levels of certain fats and homocysteine.

Most young men with early gray hair have low vitamin D but normal iron levels.

A woman's diabetes improved after removing ovarian tumors that caused high testosterone levels.

A man's baldness improved possibly due to a medication that blocks male hormones.

Fluconazole might be a new treatment for a type of diabetes that affects water balance in the body.