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Isotretinoin is a preferred treatment for severe acne, often leading to long-term improvement, but requires careful monitoring due to potential side effects.

Experts agree that PCOS affects women's health in complex ways, but more research is needed to understand and treat it effectively.

The document concludes that better targeted treatments are needed for wound healing, and single-cell technologies may improve cell-based therapies.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

Testosterone therapy increases bone density in older men with low testosterone levels.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

The research found that different types of fibroblasts are involved in wound healing and that some blood cells can turn into fat cells during this process.

Removing part of the vitamin D receptor stops vitamin D from working properly.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

New effective scar treatments are urgently needed due to the current options' limited success.

The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.

Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.

Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.

Inflammation may be linked to hair loss, and targeting specific enzymes could help treat it.

MicroRNA-302 helps improve the conversion of body cells into stem cells by blocking NR2F2.

Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.

Thyroid hormones help hair grow, reduce hair loss, and increase hair pigment.

Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.

The skin protects the body and is constantly renewed by stem cells; disruptions can lead to cancer.

White lupin uses specific genes to grow root hairs and access phosphorus when it's scarce.

Finasteride, CPA, and flutamide are all equally effective in reducing excessive hair growth in women.

Prolactin affects when mice shed and grow hair.

S5αR inhibitors might help treat schizophrenia and other mental disorders but need more research.

Kennedy's disease leads to muscle weakness and sensory issues, has no cure but manageable symptoms, and future treatments look promising.

The p53 protein has complex, sometimes contradictory functions, including tumor suppression and promoting cell survival.

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) slows down hair growth and promotes hair follicle regression.