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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in women that can cause metabolic, reproductive, and psychological issues, and requires lifestyle changes and medication for management.

Vitiligo is a skin condition causing white spots, more common in women, often starts before age 20, and can affect mental health.

Changing the environment around stem cells could help tissue repair, but it's hard to be precise and avoid side effects.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Improving artificial vascular grafts requires better materials and surface designs to reduce blood clotting and support blood vessel cell growth.

Testosterone is important for men's sexual function, may help some women's sexual desire, while other hormones and neurotransmitters also play complex roles in sexual behavior.

DNA profiling in forensics has improved, but predicting physical traits and ancestry from DNA has limitations and requires ethical consideration.

Stress can worsen skin and hair conditions by affecting the skin's immune response and hormone levels.

The Rotterdam Study updated findings on elderly health, focusing on heart disease, genetics, lifestyle effects, and disease understanding.

Auxin and ethylene hormones both work together and against each other to control plant growth.

Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.

The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

Lgr5 is a marker for active, self-renewing stem cells in the intestine and skin, important for tissue maintenance.

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

Certain proteins, Lgr5 and Lgr6, are important markers of adult stem cells and are involved in tissue repair and cancer development.

Vitamin D receptor interacts with certain dietary components to help prevent diseases and regulate hair growth.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand disease causes in the elderly and has found new risk factors and genetic influences on various conditions.

Teriflunomide helps reduce multiple sclerosis symptoms and is safe for most patients.

Melatonin in the skin helps protect against damage from stress and UV rays, and could be used to treat certain skin conditions.

Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.

The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

Planarian regeneration begins with a specific gene activation caused by injury, essential for healing and tissue regrowth.

Hair color production in mice is closely linked to the hair growth phase and may also influence hair growth itself.

Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.

Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.

The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.