Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.
506 citations,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.
124 citations,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.
116 citations,
December 2013 in “The Journal of Pediatrics” Most youth with gender dysphoria received hormones, had minor complications, and showed a decrease in suicide attempts after treatment.
40 citations,
July 2013 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Male skin gets drier and more alkaline as it ages, which may need different skincare than women's skin.
March 2014 in “Human Physiology” DHEA improved brain function and behavior in old monkeys and had additional health benefits.
10 citations,
August 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The compounds tested could potentially treat hair loss and alopecia.
December 2022 in “JAMA network open” 5α-Reductase inhibitors may increase depression risk but not dementia or suicide.
39 citations,
April 2018 in “Hormones” No consistent link between genotype and phenotype in 5-α-Reductase type 2 deficiency.
1 citations,
March 2015 in “Journal of Visualized Experiments” Researchers developed a new, precise method to measure hair loss in mice using image analysis.
12 citations,
January 1991 in “Archives of dermatological research” Male hormones control a specific gene in hamster skin, with different hormones having varying effects.
January 2020 in “International Journal of Trichology” Androgen-producing ovarian tumors can cause male-pattern hair loss in women.
55 citations,
August 2008 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia is a genetic condition that can cause early puberty and fertility problems, treated with specific steroids.
January 2024 in “Journal of Education, Health and Sport” Platelet-rich plasma therapy shows promise in treating hair loss caused by androgenic alopecia.
January 2016 in “Journal of clinical & experimental dermatology research” New methods can diagnose hair loss by examining the scalp and can treat it with a mix of oral and topical medications, along with cosmetic procedures like hair transplants.
18 citations,
January 1996 in “Gynecologic and obstetric investigation” The oral contraceptive alone is the preferred treatment for hirsutism, as adding the GnRH analog showed no significant benefit.
30 citations,
October 2020 in “Nature Communications” Finasteride irreversibly affects human steroid 5α-reductase 2, providing insight into its catalytic mechanism and disease-related mutations.
29 citations,
January 2006 in “Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine” SHBG binding properties are unchanged in male liver cirrhosis patients.
24 citations,
January 1989 in “Archives of biochemistry and biophysics” Male rats have androgen receptors in their liver, which are different from proteins that bind estrogen.
1 citations,
November 2008 in “Acta crystallographica” Scientists successfully created and analyzed the structure of a part of the human androgen receptor with specific modulators and a peptide to understand how it binds differently in various tissues.
204 citations,
February 2000 in “Current Medicinal Chemistry” Antiandrogens like flutamide are effective in treating conditions like prostate cancer and hair loss, but there's a need for more potent versions. Understanding their structure can help develop better treatments.
196 citations,
May 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.
78 citations,
August 2012 in “Human molecular genetics online/Human molecular genetics” A new gene, JMJD1C, may affect testosterone levels in men.
76 citations,
April 2005 in “Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention” E211 G>A gene linked to lower risk of severe prostate cancer and hair loss.
60 citations,
January 2007 in “Human Genetics” AR polyglycine repeat doesn't cause baldness.
26 citations,
November 2009 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Certain gene variations are not a major cause of male infertility in Nigerian men.
23 citations,
January 2021 in “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy” DHT stops hair regrowth in mice, similar to human hair loss.
15 citations,
September 2014 in “JAMA Dermatology” 9 citations,
April 2021 in “Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy” Clascoterone is a new, effective, and safe acne treatment without systemic side effects.
5 citations,
September 2011 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Pfizer found that pantolactam-based compounds can reduce sebum (skin oil) production when applied topically.