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Layer-by-Layer self-assembly is promising for biomedical uses like tissue engineering and cell therapy, but challenges remain in material safety and process optimization.

Women with PCOS have more insulin resistance and are more likely to have heart-related health issues, with insulin resistance being a bigger factor than β-cell problems.

PDGFA/AKT signaling is important for the growth and maintenance of certain skin fat cells.

Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.

S-1 treatment led to a complete response in pancreatic cancer with manageable side effects.

Cell aging can be both good and bad for tissue repair.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) doesn't affect rat skin cell growth, but it does change cell cycle, protein levels, and other cell functions, potentially shortening hair growth cycle.

Procyanidin compounds from apples and barley promote hair growth and prevent hair cell death.

Mice skin has components that could help with hair growth and might be used for diabetes treatment.

Fat stem cells from diabetic mice can still help heal wounds.

Understanding phenotypic plasticity is crucial for developing effective cancer therapies.

All-trans retinoic acid causes hair loss by increasing TGF-β2 in hair follicle cells.

Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.

Adult esophageal cells can start to become like skin cells, with a key pathway influencing this change.

Treating sleep apnea in young obese women with PCOS can improve heart health and insulin sensitivity.

SV40 T antigen in hair follicles causes abnormal hair and health issues in mice.

Wound covers with α-13'-COOH from vitamin E can improve and speed up wound healing.

Darkened knuckles can be an early sign of insulin resistance.

Prevelex, a polyampholyte, can create a cell-repellent coating on microdevices, which can be useful in biomedical applications like hair follicle regeneration.

Lymphatic vessels are essential for health and can be targeted to treat various diseases.

Tacrolimus causes fewer acute rejections than cyclosporin A in kidney transplants but doesn't necessarily improve kidney function after one year; cardiovascular risks and side effects vary between the two drugs.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Lignans and neolignans from plants may help protect against various health issues, including cancer and heart disease.

Wnt signaling may be linked to heart diseases in aging and could be a target for future treatments.

Proper care and diet are crucial to prevent health issues in gerbils.

Cheonggukjang may help prevent and manage various diseases and improve overall health, but its odor and safety concerns need addressing.

Weight loss and metformin don't significantly change vaspin levels in women with PCOS.

The research found that PCOS has common genetic factors regardless of how it is diagnosed and is linked to metabolic and reproductive issues.

The document concludes that PCOS has a strong genetic component, but more research is needed to fully understand the specific genes involved.