Phenotypic Plasticity: Driver of Cancer Initiation, Progression, and Therapy Resistance

The document discussed how phenotypic plasticity, including dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation, played a crucial role in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. It highlighted the importance of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and various molecular mechanisms in driving plasticity. Both intrinsic factors (like transcription factors) and extrinsic factors (like microenvironment changes) were noted to induce plasticity, leading to potential therapeutic strategies. The review emphasized the significance of understanding the cell of origin in cancer and how genetic and epigenetic factors contribute to tumor heterogeneity, concluding that a clearer understanding of these processes is essential for developing effective cancer therapies.