77 citations,
June 2006 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The document concludes that accurate measurement of serum androgens is crucial for diagnosing hyperandrogenism.
45 citations,
September 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The enzyme 17β-HSD type 2 mainly performs oxidation in human sebaceous glands, which may help protect against acne.
38 citations,
December 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Menopause-related hormonal changes affect hair but are not the only cause of hair changes in middle-aged women.
8 citations,
January 1996 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Cyproterone acetate is the preferred treatment for women's hyperandrogenism when estrogen/progestogen use is safe.
6 citations,
July 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” PSA levels are higher in women with PCOS, but FAI is a more accurate marker for diagnosis.
September 2024 in “Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery” Bicalutamide may help treat female pattern hair loss.
19 citations,
January 2015 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology” Skin changes in women with PCOS are mainly due to hormonal imbalances.
January 2021 in “Case Reports” A 71-year-old woman developed male-like features due to high testosterone levels caused by a benign ovarian tumor, which was successfully removed by surgery.
14 citations,
May 2012 in “Endocrine Research” The same hormone can affect gene expression differently in various tissues, which could lead to new treatments for conditions like hair loss.
3 citations,
October 2022 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Testosterone Replacement Therapy can improve sexual health in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on its long-term effects.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's ovarian fibroma caused high testosterone levels, which normalized after surgery.
11 citations,
January 2014 in “CellBio” Sex steroids, especially progesterone, can slow down the growth of mouse melanoma cells.
7 citations,
September 2022 in “Communications biology” Omega-6 fats in certain cells boost male hormone production.
21 citations,
April 1995 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” Leydig cells can cause testosterone-secreting adrenal tumors in women.
4809 citations,
January 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” The 2003 consensus updated PCOS diagnosis criteria and highlighted increased risks of diabetes and heart disease for those affected.
4025 citations,
December 2003 in “Human Reproduction” The 2003 consensus updated PCOS diagnosis criteria and linked PCOS to higher risks of diabetes and heart problems, recommending lifestyle changes to lower these risks.
1540 citations,
October 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.
1265 citations,
October 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.
97 citations,
July 2006 in “Dermatologic therapy” The document concludes that accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment are important for skin problems in women with PCOS.
90 citations,
January 2021 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Obesity increases the risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome, and weight loss can improve the condition.
68 citations,
January 2008 in “Seminars in reproductive medicine” Women with PCOS often feel stigmatized and have mood issues, which can lower their sexual satisfaction, but proper treatment and support can help.
56 citations,
July 2008 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin and rosiglitazone improve blood vessel function in women with PCOS, with metformin also reducing insulin resistance and testosterone levels.
53 citations,
January 2012 in “Fertility and Sterility” Women with PCOS are more likely to have sleep apnea, mainly if they are obese.
48 citations,
February 2014 in “Fertility and Sterility” Women with PCOS often have hair loss, which is linked to acne or excess body hair but not to worse hormone or metabolic issues.
45 citations,
February 2012 Obese women with PCOS are more likely to have fatty liver disease.
44 citations,
May 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Insulin resistance might not be enough to worsen blood vessel function in young, nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
41 citations,
January 2020 in “Journal of Ovarian Research” Quercetin may help with PCOS symptoms, but more research is needed.
40 citations,
February 2005 in “Fertility and Sterility” Some women with PCOS have CYP21 mutations and IRS1 variants, but these genetic factors are not major contributors to PCOS.
38 citations,
January 1997 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Finasteride and flutamide effectively reduce hirsutism in PCOS women, with flutamide also lowering hormone levels.
34 citations,
February 2016 in “Fertility and Sterility” More PDCD4 is linked to obesity, insulin problems, and cell death in ovaries for those with polycystic ovary syndrome.