74 citations
,
December 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” This study found that treatment with leuprolide plus cyclic estrogen/progestin may lead to a faster and greater improvement in hirsutism compared to a standard oral contraceptive regimen.
18 citations
,
January 2004 in “Dermatologic Clinics” This article discusses nutritional contributions to hair health and highlights the need for identifying risk factors for deficiencies but reports no new clinical findings.
61 citations
,
January 2017 in “Human Reproduction Open” This review discusses hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency, strongly recommending it for symptom relief and bone protection, but notes a lack of evidence on optimal types and doses.
September 1999 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” This review discusses how menopause and hormone replacement therapy affect skin aging in women but reports no new clinical findings.
14 citations
,
September 2017 in “Clinics in Dermatology” This study highlights that lower testosterone in men and higher testosterone in women are linked to increased risks of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, with associated skin diseases indicating potential cardiovascular complications.
January 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” Sex hormones affect reproduction, sexual development, and oral health, and it's important for dental practitioners to understand their effects and interactions.
4 citations
,
March 2013 in “Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment” This case report describes a rare instance of a patient with anorexia nervosa who was subsequently diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome, highlighting diagnostic challenges due to overlapping symptoms.
8 citations
,
July 2022 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” This review discusses the impact of menopause on oral health and emphasizes the adverse effects of falling oestrogen levels on oral tissues, calling for more research into treatments like hormone replacement therapy.
8 citations
,
March 2008 in “Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift/Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” This case study found that in a male-to-female transgender individual, long-term cyproterone use led to decreased bone mass, which improved with additional oestradiol treatment, highlighting the anabolic role of oestrogens on bone health.
44 citations
,
October 2011 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” This review discusses the effects of oestrogen on skin ageing and highlights the need for large-scale clinical trials to evaluate postmenopausal oestrogen use, reporting no new findings.
138 citations
,
May 2000 in “Maturitas” This review discusses the effects of estrogen on skin and reports no new clinical results; it highlights estrogen's potential benefits on skin thickness, collagen quality, and hair follicle life cycle.
6 citations
,
September 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” This review discusses the role of androgens in women's sexual health and highlights the need for further research on androgen replacement therapy to optimize quality of life, but reports no new clinical results.
23 citations
,
March 1994 in “Fertility and sterility” This study found that oral contraceptives effectively suppressed hyperandrogenemia in most patients with hyperandrogenic-insulin-resistant acanthosis nigricans syndrome, though GnRH-a therapy was beneficial for those not responding initially.
120 citations
,
October 2007 in “Clinical Interventions in Aging” This review discusses the effects of estrogens on skin aging and highlights the potential benefits of estrogen replacement therapy and selective estrogen receptor modulators for improving skin health in postmenopausal women, but reports no new clinical findings.
187 citations
,
December 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” This article discusses the role of estrogens in skin aging and reports no new findings; it highlights the potential of selective ER modulators to improve skin health without systemic side effects.
67 citations
,
January 2007 in “Climacteric” This article discusses the impact of estrogens on skin aging, highlighting the potential benefits and unresolved effectiveness of alternatives like phytoestrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators; it reports no new clinical results.
137 citations
,
June 2005 in “Climacteric” This review indicates that estrogen loss during menopause significantly impacts skin health, while estrogen treatment may increase skin collagen, thickness, and elasticity, though effects on other skin characteristics are inconsistent.
51 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” This review examines androgen replacement therapy in women for treating androgen deficiency symptoms and reports no new clinical results, while noting potential safety within a specific dose range.
4 citations
,
August 2025 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study found that while hormone replacement therapy can improve skin aging in menopausal women, inconsistent findings and a lack of robust clinical trials mean it isn't recommended purely for skin benefits.
August 2009 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This case report describes a postmenopausal woman who experienced facial erythema, acne, and hirsutism due to excess androgen and estrogen levels.
6 citations
,
November 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” In a clinical trial, this study found that a modified slow-release oral testosterone formulation improved pharmacokinetics, delaying serum testosterone peaks and reducing serum DHT compared to immediate-release formulations, especially when combined with finasteride.
January 2026 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study reviewed evidence suggesting that the loss of dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) during menopause may be linked to decreased estrogen levels, potentially affecting skin health, and discussed non-hormonal treatments, like magnolol, that might help restore dWAT and improve menopausal skin changes.
19 citations
,
December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” This review highlights therapeutic options for inducing puberty in males and females with delayed puberty, emphasizing the need for larger trials to establish the best approaches.
104 citations
,
January 2005 in “Climacteric” This review discusses the pharmacological properties of progestins used in contraception and hormone replacement therapy, focusing on drospirenone's unique effects, but reports no new experimental findings.
February 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks” This article discusses the various administration methods and considerations for testosterone replacement therapy, highlighting the importance of individualized therapeutic monitoring and potential adverse effects, but reports no new clinical results.
July 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology” This article discusses various aspects of hair and scalp health, ancient philosophical perspectives on hair, and causes of hair disorders in children, without reporting new clinical results.
57 citations
,
December 2018 in “JAMA Surgery” This systematic review suggests that current evidence does not support routinely discontinuing gender-affirming hormone treatments before surgery, especially testosterone and spironolactone, due to limited data on related perioperative risks.
76 citations
,
May 2007 in “Menopause International” This review discusses the relationship between estrogen deficiency and skin aging in postmenopausal women, noting potential benefits of estrogen use on skin collagen and elasticity, but reports no new clinical results.
54 citations
,
February 2010 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This case report describes a patient with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome experiencing female pattern hair loss, suggesting that factors beyond direct androgen action may contribute to this condition in women.
77 citations
,
May 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.