94 citations,
January 2000 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Spironolactone most effective for hirsutism, but has side effects.
78 citations,
November 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.
59 citations,
March 2013 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” People with polycystic ovary syndrome have a higher chance of having chronic thyroiditis.
54 citations,
August 2017 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Lifestyle changes and weight loss are key for treating PCOS-related metabolic issues and infertility, with various medications available for specific symptoms.
53 citations,
September 2014 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Different types of PCOS have different levels of metabolic problems, with the most severe type showing the highest disturbances.
53 citations,
October 1984 in “Endocrine reviews” Excessive hair growth in women often has no known cause and is not linked to race or other hormonal symptoms.
46 citations,
December 2007 in “International Journal of Cardiology” People with polycystic ovary syndrome may have a higher risk of heart problems due to abnormal nervous system control of their heart and blood pressure.
44 citations,
April 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with PCOS have similar levels of certain proteins compared to women without PCOS, and these proteins don't independently cause PCOS.
40 citations,
January 2010 in “Annales D Endocrinologie” The French Endocrine Society suggests diagnosing PCOS with two of three signs, recommends lifestyle changes and clomiphene for treatment, and calls for more research on certain treatments and tests.
38 citations,
October 2006 in “Fertility and Sterility” The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.
38 citations,
June 2004 in “Human Reproduction” The document suggests that clinical trials for PCOS should focus on meaningful primary outcomes like live birth rates, rather than less reliable surrogate markers.
30 citations,
July 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.
30 citations,
April 1997 in “European journal of endocrinology” The document concludes that managing hirsutism involves identifying the cause, using a scoring system for severity, combining cosmetic and medical treatments, encouraging weight loss, and providing psychological support, while noting the need for more research on drug treatments.
21 citations,
September 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.
21 citations,
January 2003 in “Seminars in reproductive medicine” The document concludes that various drugs can manage symptoms and metabolic issues in women with PCOS.
19 citations,
October 2012 in “Frontiers of Hormone Research” Lifestyle changes are the first step in treating infertility in PCOS, followed by medications like clomiphene and metformin, and then surgery if needed.
18 citations,
January 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” The document concludes that Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea should be carefully diagnosed and managed to prevent health complications, using lifestyle changes and specific medications.
16 citations,
March 2015 in “Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift” Vitamin D deficiency is common in women with PCOS and linked to some metabolic problems, but not the main cause of their metabolic issues.
16 citations,
January 2007 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” The document suggests various treatments for PCOS, including medication for menstrual issues, insulin resistance, and excess hair, as well as fertility treatments, while highlighting the need for personalized care and lifestyle changes.
13 citations,
September 2008 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” Young women with PCOS without additional risk factors may have normal heart function.
9 citations,
November 2016 in “Journal of medical science and clinical research” Only 22% of teenage girls in the study knew about PCOS, despite many having symptoms.
2 citations,
January 1984 in “Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry” Benzodiazepines changed hormone levels but did not affect hair growth in women with idiopathic hirsutism.
November 2004 in “John Wiley & Sons, Ltd eBooks” Insulin resistance is linked to PCOS and can lead to other health issues, but treatments like metformin can help manage symptoms.
951 citations,
December 2013 in “Clinical epidemiology” PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women that can be managed with lifestyle changes and various medications.
400 citations,
January 2014 in “British Journal of Sports Medicine” The consensus provided guidelines for treating the Female Athlete Triad and a system to decide when athletes can return to sports.
105 citations,
March 2006 in “Human reproduction” Metformin improves quality of life, emotional health, and sex life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
24 citations,
April 2021 in “BMC women's health” High BMI worsens hair growth in women with PCOS.
July 2023 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Choosing the right starting dose of Clomiphene Citrate for ovulation induction in PCOS women is challenging; higher BMI and hormone levels may indicate resistance to the standard dose.
3 citations,
June 2023 in “European heart journal open” Women with irregular periods have a higher risk of heart disease.
September 2024 in “Pediatrics in Review” Parental support and gender-affirming care are crucial for the mental health of transgender adolescents.