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The document reviews various hair and nail disorders, their causes, and treatments, emphasizing the need for proper diagnosis and the link between nail changes and systemic diseases.

Targeting the HEDGEHOG-GLI1 pathway could help treat keloids.

Patients who survive critical illness often face long-lasting physical, mental, and cognitive issues, with many unable to return to work within a year.

Silver can help prevent and treat infections but its effectiveness varies and should be weighed against costs and side effects.

Good nutrition is crucial for health and preventing disease, and supplements can help prevent nutrient deficiencies.

The review concludes that innovations in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and developmental biology are essential for effective tissue repair and organ transplants.

Hair follicles could be used to noninvasively monitor our body's internal clock and help identify risks for related diseases.

Hair follicles in mutant mice self-organize into ordered patterns within a week.

The ShorT method can detect and help reduce bias in medical AI by identifying shortcut learning.

Neuropathic pruritus is a commonly overlooked and wrongly diagnosed type of chronic itching that is hard to treat.

Different hair follicles in the skin are innervated by unique combinations of mechanosensory neurons, crucial for touch sensation.

PCOS is a complex condition in women that can lead to health issues, and lifestyle changes are the best management approach.

Long-term use of Risperidone may be linked to a serious skin condition in bipolar patients, affecting their overall well-being.

Injectable hydrogels are becoming increasingly useful in medicine for drug delivery and tissue repair.

The circadian clock plays a key role in hair growth and its disruption can affect hair regeneration.

sPLA2-X is crucial for normal hair growth and follicle health.

Seborrhea in Parkinson's disease may be linked to hormones, not autonomic impairment.

Lack or blocking of SRD5a, a key component in hormone creation, can lead to conditions like pseudohermaphrodism and affect hair growth, bone mass, muscle strength, and reproductive health. More research is needed on its regulation from fertilization to adulthood.

Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.

Adults with polycystic ovary syndrome are much more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea.

Hair restoration surgery can have complications; success depends on patient education, careful planning, and proper execution.

Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, linked to contaminated L-tryptophan supplements, caused severe symptoms and some deaths, with long-term effects in survivors.

Modulating BMP activity changes the number, size, shape, and type of ectodermal organs.

Blocking BACE1 and BACE2 enzymes causes hair color loss in mice.

Finasteride increases hair density in female androgenetic alopecia, but individual results may vary.

Blocking a specific protein signal can make hair grow on mouse nipples.

The skin and thymus develop similarly to protect and support immunity.

The document concludes that inhalation of oxygen and sumatriptan injections are primary for cluster headaches, indomethacin for paroxysmal hemicrania, and lidocaine and lamotrigine for SUNCT, but SUNCT often resists treatment.

Skin ulcers from interferon may not depend on the amount given.

A man developed an allergic skin reaction to a rosacea treatment and improved after stopping the medication and receiving allergy-specific care.