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Genetic defects and UV radiation cause skin damage and aging.

Human skin has multiple layers and functions, with key roles in protection, temperature control, and appearance.

Gene mutations can cause problems in male genital development.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

Skin and hair renewal is maintained by both fast and slow cycling stem cells, with hair regrowth primarily driven by specific stem cells in the hair follicle bulge. These cells can also help heal wounds and potentially treat hair loss.

More men are getting cosmetic surgery, with nose jobs and hair transplants being popular, and choosing a qualified surgeon is important.

Melatonin directly affects mouse hair follicles and may influence hair growth.

Galea fixation is a safe and effective way to remove bald scalp with minimal scarring and reduced stretch-back.

Surgical therapies for vitiligo vary in effectiveness, with combination therapy and medical tattooing recommended for better results.

Scientists made working hair follicles using stem cells, helping future hair loss treatments.

Endoscopic forehead and brow lifting safely and consistently improves aged eyebrows, but may have complications.

The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

The document concludes that better targeted treatments are needed for wound healing, and single-cell technologies may improve cell-based therapies.

Low-level Laser Therapy may help reduce inflammation, pain, and aid healing, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and establish standard treatment guidelines.

Photobiomodulation therapy using red and near-infrared light can reduce inflammation and aid in healing various conditions.

Changing the environment around stem cells could help tissue repair, but it's hard to be precise and avoid side effects.

Proteasome inhibitors are promising treatments for various cancers, autoimmune diseases, and other conditions.

Understanding gene expression in hair follicles can reveal insights into hair growth and disorders.

Obesity affects skin health, causing conditions like acanthosis nigricans and may require different treatment approaches.

Myo-inositol supplements may improve insulin sensitivity and help with conditions like PCOS and gestational diabetes, but more research is needed.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.

The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

SKPs are similar to adult skin stem cells and could help in skin repair and hair growth.

The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.

The conclusion is that certain cell interactions and signals are crucial for hair growth and regeneration.

Different types of fibroblasts play various roles in diseases and healing, and more research on them could improve treatments.

Stromal stem cells may help heal wounds by becoming structural cells or affecting the immune system, but more research is needed to understand how.

Certain proteins, Lgr5 and Lgr6, are important markers of adult stem cells and are involved in tissue repair and cancer development.