January 2019 in “The Review of Laser Engineering” This study observed that multiphoton excitation microscopy revealed changes in vascular structure and hair papillae in mice subcutaneous tissue following cyclophosphamide treatment for chemotherapy-induced alopecia.
20 citations
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October 2023 in “Small” This study discusses the expanding use of microneedles beyond transdermal drug delivery, highlighting recent advancements for treating hair loss, eye diseases, and oral disorders, while emphasizing future challenges in generalizing this technology.
29 citations
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May 2023 in “Cell” August 1989 in “Proceedings ... annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America/Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America” This microscopy study examined the non-keratinous regions of human hair fibers, revealing detailed morphology that could help understand how external influences affect hair structure.
55 citations
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February 2013 in “The Anatomical Record” This study found that the mouse nail unit structurally resembles the human nail unit, indicating it could be useful for researching nail diseases and biology.
3 citations
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November 2021 in “Applied Microscopy” This article presents a comprehensive overview of hair microscopy techniques and their diagnostic potential for systemic and cutaneous disorders, emphasizing its usefulness in resource-limited settings and highlighting the underutilization of this non-invasive method due to lack of awareness.
14 citations
,
January 2020 in “International Journal of Biological Sciences” This study explored the use of multiphoton microscopy to monitor changes in tumors and surrounding tissues in breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, finding it may effectively detect treatment response at cellular levels without using exogenous contrast agents.
6 citations
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June 2024 in “Biofabrication” This study used digital-light-processing bioprinting to create a 3D skin-on-a-chip model with a miniaturized vascular network to closely study immune cell interactions similar to real human skin, demonstrating the potential to analyze immune-T cell trafficking influenced by skin signals.
This glossary defines medical and anatomical terms but reports no new research findings.
10 citations
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May 2025 in “Cell Biomaterials” This perspective highlights how advancements in single-cell sequencing and digital pathology can help understand the complex mechanisms of immune responses, fibrosis, and tissue remodeling related to medical implants, aiming to address the challenges of implant-related tissue reactions reported in this study.
17 citations
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June 1990 in “PubMed” This study examined the morphological variations of terminal hair from different body regions of a Caucasian male, finding notable differences in diameter and features like "steak-boning" in specific hair types.
37 citations
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September 2014 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery” This review discusses available microsurgical reconstructive options for craniofacial surgery and reports no new clinical results; it highlights how innovations in the field have advanced reconstruction techniques.
1 citations
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June 2012 in “Revista de la Escuela de Medicina Legal” This study found that using a microscope can effectively distinguish between human and animal hair based on microscopic characteristics, making it a critical tool in forensic investigations.
252 citations
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January 1991 in “Electron Microscopy Reviews”
December 2023 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” This study developed the mTurquoise2-Col4a1 mouse model and used fluorescent tagging of collagen IV to offer new insights into basement membrane dynamics during hair follicle budding, revealing that basement membranes are flexible and stable structures in developing skin tissue.
1 citations
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December 2014 in “Scanning” This study used multiphoton microscopy to successfully visualize rabbit skin microstructure, highlighting its noninvasive potential for future skin research related to diseases and wound healing.
6 citations
,
June 2016 in “The anatomical record” This study found that Merkel cells in dogs are most numerous in sensory receptive areas like oral mucosa and facial skin, indicating a potential role in tactile sensation.
10 citations
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November 2007 in “Annals of Diagnostic Pathology” This report presents a case of a superficial angiomyxoma with a trichofolliculoma in a 51-year-old man, characterized by myxomatous nodules and specific immunohistological markers.
September 2026 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” This study mapped the development of the human pilosebaceous unit in prenatal scalp skin using multi-modal analysis, finding that epithelial-mesenchymal interactions guide cellular fate and validated tissue-patterning through a hair-bearing skin organoid model.
2 citations
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January 2018 in “Springer eBooks” The document explains what healthy skin, nails, and hair look like on an ultrasound.
January 2019 in “CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MORPHOLOGY” July 2026 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” This mini-review reports that advances in microbioreactor technology, particularly with microfluidics, significantly enhance eukaryotic cell-based biomedicine by improving productivity, scalability, and reproducibility in applications like CAR T-cell manufacturing and organoid growth, though challenges in scalability and material selection remain.
July 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This study found that understanding the surgical anatomy of the scalp significantly improves outcomes in scalp surgery by reducing complications like unsightly scars and distorted hair patterns.
3 citations
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September 2024 This study developed 3DEEP, a tissue clearing and spatial transcriptomic method, to map hair follicle development in a single time point from a 12-hour-old mouse, detailing molecular stages, signaling dynamics, and structural changes within developing follicles.
This review discusses the advancements and applications of multiphoton microscopy in dermatology, including its role in imaging skin disease and drug transport, and reports no new clinical results.
25 citations
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March 2002 in “Scanning” This study highlights confocal microscopy as a promising, minimally invasive tool for assessing hair morphology and internal structures, making it valuable for cosmetic hair assessments.
2 citations
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October 1992 in “PubMed” This study found no significant histologic differences in skin structure based on age, sex, or woodchuck hepatitis virus infection status among woodchucks.
This study presents a two-photon imaging method to visualize low-threshold mechanoreceptor axon terminals in live mouse forepaw skin, enabling repeated high-resolution imaging to study sensory circuits during development and adulthood.
63 citations
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December 1998 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology” The study improved understanding of keratin fiber structure by showing consistent microfibril diameter but varying distances and electron density profiles.
59 citations
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March 1984 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”