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Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.

The Rotterdam Study updated findings on elderly health, focusing on heart disease, genetics, lifestyle effects, and disease understanding.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

Lgr5 is a marker for active, self-renewing stem cells in the intestine and skin, important for tissue maintenance.

The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand various diseases in older adults.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.

Different animals have unique versions of the enzyme that changes testosterone into another hormone, which is important for creating effective treatments for prostate and hair loss conditions.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and may help with baldness, but effects on sexual function and male fetuses are unclear.

Minoxidil sulfate stimulates hair growth.

Caffeine in cosmetics may reduce cellulite, protect skin, and stimulate hair growth, but more research is needed on its use and effects.

Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.

Some viruses can cause cancer by changing cell processes and avoiding the immune system; vaccines and targeted treatments help reduce these cancers.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

Microneedles help improve skin appearance and deliver skin treatments effectively, but safety concerns need more research and regulation.

Modulating BMP activity changes the number, size, shape, and type of ectodermal organs.

Allergic reactions to blood thinners are rare but can be serious, requiring careful testing and alternative treatments.

Obesity worsens PCOS symptoms, and PCOS may lead to more weight gain; managing both requires a holistic approach that includes mental health.

The human type II 5α-reductase gene, linked to certain male health conditions, has a specific structure and low similarity to other related genes.

Terbinafine quickly builds up in skin and hair, staying effective for over 3 weeks.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Blocking the Wnt pathway could lead to new treatments for cancer and tissue repair but requires careful development to avoid side effects.

The document concludes that better biomarkers are needed to detect long-term oral testosterone use in athletes.

Lichen planus pigmentosus causes dark skin patches and is treated by avoiding triggers and using anti-inflammatory medications.

The conclusion is that early diagnosis and a multi-system treatment approach are crucial for managing PCOS and its associated health risks.

The circadian clock is crucial for tissue renewal and regeneration, affecting stem cell functions and having implications for health and disease.