December 2023 in “Journal of molecular structure” This study found that hair membrane fluidity is low in the cuticle but high in the cortex and medulla, with treatments like ionic surfactants and oleic acid increasing fluidity in hydrated hair; however, dehydration significantly reduces fluidity throughout the hair.
43 citations
,
July 1994 in “Journal of Cell Science” This study found that the extraction-resistant structures in hair, feathers, and hagfish teeth are due to ε-(γ-glutamyl)lysine cross-linked proteins, emphasizing their role in maintaining the integrity of these materials.
2 citations
,
November 2009 in “Korean journal of chemical engineering” This study found that the nonionic surfactant Brij 78 stabilized cationic minoxidil microparticles against aggregation, maintaining their substantivity in the presence of excess anionic surfactant.
15 citations
,
February 1999 in “The anatomical record” This study found that defective cross-linking in hair cuticles is observable in a minority of mouse hair mutants, suggesting different proteins are involved in cross-linking across cell types.
2 citations
,
April 2008 in “Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology” This study observed that including cationic minoxidil particles in a shampoo facilitated notable hair growth promotion despite a negative surface charge after rinsing, likely due to ionic interactions with the skin.
12 citations
,
October 1954 in “Textile Research Journal” This study found that alkali bromide solutions are absorbed into hair depending on salt activity, and the presence of the salt increases water absorption compared to normal conditions.
June 2015 in “Biomedical and biopharmaceutical research” This article reviews EU cosmetic product claim regulations and highlights increased harmonization and enforcement while reporting no new results.
44 citations
,
January 2010 in “International journal of trichology” This article discusses the complexity of selecting hair cleansing products and conditioners and reports no new scientific findings or results.
17 citations
,
June 2021 in “Molecules” This review summarizes the promising role of melatonin combined with nanosized carriers in drug delivery, suggesting enhanced effectiveness in treating various diseases compared to free melatonin.
14 citations
,
January 2025 in “AAPS PharmSciTech” This review highlights the promising potential of microemulsions and nanoemulsions in (trans)dermal drug delivery, noting a gap in understanding their distinct mechanisms and composition-related effects on skin permeability, while emphasizing the limited clarity on mesostructures and cosolvent impacts.
February 1999 in “The anatomical record” This study observed defects in hair cuticle cross-linking in some, but not all, mouse mutants with sparse or structurally unsound hair.
11 citations
,
January 2023 in “BioMed Research International” This review discusses the use of microbial biosurfactants as a safer alternative to chemical surfactants in cosmetics due to their antibacterial, moisturizing, and low toxicity properties, but it reports no new clinical findings.
2 citations
,
July 2023 in “Cosmetics” In this study, researchers highlighted that while hair lipids are crucial for hair health and protection, surfactants in shampoos and conditioners can partially remove these lipids, potentially affecting hair structure, though the exact mechanisms remain poorly understood and require further investigation.
June 2021 in “Research Square (Research Square)” This study found that dyed chitin nanofibers maintain color and mechanical properties when reinforcing resins, allowing color addition and strength improvement while retaining transparency.
4 citations
,
April 1955 in “Textile Research Journal” This study found that the extent of reducing agents' effects on hair fibers was linked to the electrode potential of the reagents used.
14 citations
,
February 2025 in “Pharmaceutics” This review highlights recent advancements in using niosomes as nanocarriers for improved delivery and sustained release of active cosmetic compounds, discussing their properties, applications, and future potential in cosmetic chemistry.
September 2025 in “Journal of Surfactants and Detergents” In this study, shampoos containing sodium lauroyl methylaminopropionate showed superior coacervate formation and lubrication on wet hair, outperforming other amino acid surfactants and suggesting potential for creating low-irritation, high-performance hair products.
1 citations
,
May 2023 in “Journal of molecular evolution” This study explored the molecular biology of skin adaptations in pangolins, revealing that certain genes for lipid synthesis have inactive patterns, while others related to skin function remain intact, suggesting complex evolutionary changes in their skin physiology.
January 1997 in “Elsevier eBooks” This chapter describes the functions and purposes of hair care cosmetics, including shampoos, hair growth promoters, and grooming products, without reporting new experimental findings.
1 citations
,
December 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” This study investigated pangolin skin genetics, finding that while sweat gland-related genes are not inactivated, several genes related to sebaceous gland function are, which highlights complex evolutionary adaptations in mammalian skin.
226 citations
,
January 2002 in “Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin” This study developed a rapid method to extract proteins from human hair, revealing phosphorylation on serine and threonine residues in alpha-keratins and matrix proteins.
This research concluded that the novel hydrogel PlacMA, derived from human placenta and curable by visible light, shows promise for cell culture and tissue engineering applications due to its tunable properties.
151 citations
,
July 2011 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” This review discusses various strategies to enhance drug delivery through the skin barrier, highlighting liposomes as promising carriers for increased dermal concentrations in topical therapies, but reports no new research results.
67 citations
,
April 2007 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” This article reviews the development and formulation of shampoos, emphasizing their dual role as cosmetic and medicinal products, but presents no new experimental findings.
31 citations
,
October 2012 in “Dermatologic clinics” This article discusses the use of cosmetic hair care products to improve patient satisfaction in hair loss treatment and reports no new clinical results; the authors emphasize complementing medical interventions with such products.
21 citations
,
July 1988 in “Clinics in dermatology” This article reviews haircare practices and hair cosmetics for patients with alopecia, emphasizing healthy scalp maintenance and caution in styling; it reports no new clinical results.
2 citations
,
March 2019 in “European Journal of Dermatology” This study concluded that shampoos sold in pharmacies generally contain fewer regulated allergens under EU law compared to those sold in mass-market stores or by mail order, and pharmacy-sold baby shampoos were allergen-free.
October 2025 in “International Journal of Research and Review” This study highlights the potential benefits of herbal soaps and shampoo bars as eco-friendly alternatives to conventional cosmetics, noting their antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties as well as sustainability advantages such as reduced plastic use and avoidance of synthetic chemicals.
July 2023 in “Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology” This case report described a 32-year-old woman with plica neuropathica who was diagnosed with schizophrenia after initially seeking dermatological care for her severely matted hair, illustrating a rare presentation of schizophrenia and the importance of considering psychiatric conditions in such cases.
January 2022 in “International journal of pharmaceutical sciences review and research” This article reviews the benefits of herbal cosmetics over synthetic products, highlighting fewer side effects and improved skin and hair health, but presents no new clinical findings.