Fissistigma Oldhamii (Hemsl.) Merr.: Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Aspects

Fissistigma oldhamii (Hemsl.) Merr. is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant used to treat ailments like rheumatic syndromes and osteoarthritis. It contains 70 identified natural products, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, which exhibit significant pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial effects. Notable compounds include aristolactam B, with potent antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines, and physcion, which may treat androgenic alopecia by inhibiting 5α-reductase. Despite its medicinal potential, F. oldhamii remains under-researched, necessitating further pharmacological studies to fully understand and utilize its therapeutic benefits.