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Melatonin in the skin helps protect against damage from stress and UV rays, and could be used to treat certain skin conditions.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.

Wnt1/βcatenin signaling is crucial for heart repair after injury.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

The document concludes that the fast-growing direct-to-consumer genetic testing market lacks sufficient regulation, posing risks to consumers due to questionable test quality and accuracy.

Finasteride doesn't effectively treat hair loss in postmenopausal women.

Fat cells help recruit healing cells and build skin structure during wound healing.

A protein from certain immune cells is key for new hair growth after skin injury in mice.

The report recommends personalized treatment for women's sexual dysfunctions and more research on effective therapies.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

Acne affects most teenagers and can continue into adulthood, with various treatments available that show improvement but have concerns like antibiotic resistance and side effects.

Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.

5% and 2% minoxidil solutions effectively promote hair growth and reduce hair loss, with 5% being slightly more effective but having more side effects.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.

PrEP for HIV is less effective in transgender women mainly due to low adherence to the treatment.

Interferon alfa-2a is effective for treating cutaneous T cell lymphoma but has significant side effects.

The Multi-Organ-Chip improves the growth and quality of skin and hair in the lab, potentially replacing animal testing.

Pregnancy can cause various skin changes and diseases, with PUPPP being the most common skin condition specific to pregnancy.

Scientists have found a way to create hair follicles from skin cells of newborn mice, which can grow and cycle naturally when injected into adult mouse skin.

Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.

Calcium affects where root hairs grow, but other unknown factors determine their growth direction.

The virus was not found in the semen and urine of a man who tested positive for COVID-19.

Use minoxidil for hair loss; finasteride and dutasteride for men, dutasteride for women.

A new microneedle patch made from hair proteins helps regrow hair faster and better than current treatments.

Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.

Targeted cancer therapies often cause serious skin problems that need careful management.

Androgens may cause hair loss by increasing TGF-beta1 from scalp cells, which inhibits hair cell growth.

Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.

Skin cells produce and activate vitamin D, which regulates skin functions and supports hair growth.