91 citations,
December 2000 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Scientists successfully created mouse hair proteins in the lab, which are stable and similar to natural hair.
46 citations,
June 2013 in “Journal of structural biology” High glycine–tyrosine keratin-associated proteins help make hair strong and maintain its shape.
24 citations,
November 2015 in “Scientific reports” Human hair has a new region with ordered filaments and the cuticle contains β-keratin sheets.
19 citations,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
January 2006 in “Seibutsu Butsuri” Curly and straight hair differ in how their internal fibers are arranged.
48 citations,
July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hair growth is controlled by specific gene clusters and proteins, and cysteine affects hair gene expression in sheep.
50 citations,
June 1993 in “European journal of biochemistry” Intermediate filaments are crucial for cell structure and function, regulated by specific genes and proteins.
9 citations,
April 2019 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair's internal fibers are arranged in a pattern that doesn't let much water in, and treatments like oils and heat change how much water hair can absorb.
Human hair can almost fully recover its structure within about 1,000 minutes after being stretched.
Oxidized hair can naturally regain strength and stability over six months.
62 citations,
December 2008 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair curvature in Japanese people is linked to specific cell types and filament arrangements in the hair cortex.
12 citations,
January 2014 in “Cell structure and function” Different combinations of human hair keratins affect how hair fibers form.
1 citations,
June 2023 in “Journal of applied crystallography” The technique showed that human hair has two main parts, with 68% being rigid and the rest flexible, and water swelling affects its structure.
1 citations,
January 2009 in “Journal of S C C J” Changing disulfide bonds in human hair affects its melting behavior and thermal stability.
5 citations,
May 2004 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Versican is important for hair growth and could help find new hair regrowth treatments.
3 citations,
September 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Different oils penetrate hair differently; monounsaturated oils like olive oil penetrate better than polyunsaturated oils.
2 citations,
September 2004 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair quality is genetically determined and linked to its composition and strength.
May 2004 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Melanogenesis inhibitors like kojic acid and niacinamide can reduce inflammation and pigment production in skin cells.
438 citations,
October 2010 in “Oncogene” Keratins help protect cells, aid in cancer diagnosis, and influence cancer behavior and treatment.
December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Keratin proteins are crucial for hair structure and strength.
70 citations,
January 2014 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.
42 citations,
January 2017 in “Genes” The gene KAP22-1 affects wool yield and fiber shape in sheep.
40 citations,
May 2016 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Changes in keratin make hair follicles stiffer.
19 citations,
March 2021 in “Obesity surgery” Many people experience hair loss after weight loss surgery, especially younger women, and it's linked to lower levels of zinc, folic acid, and ferritin.
18 citations,
November 2010 in “Journal of morphology” Antler velvet hair and body hair of red deer have different structures that help with protection and insulation.
16 citations,
January 2017 in “Physical chemistry chemical physics/PCCP. Physical chemistry chemical physics” The 3D structure of a key hair protein was modeled, revealing specific helical structures and stabilization features.
13 citations,
May 2016 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Keratin's mechanical properties are influenced by hydrogen bonds and secondary structure, and can be improved with the SPD-2 peptide.
13 citations,
January 2010 in “Advances in Biochemical Engineering / Biotechnology” Understanding hair biology is key to developing better treatments for hair and scalp issues.
10 citations,
November 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.