June 1995 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” Higher doses of oestradiol implants improve bone density in postmenopausal women.
43 citations,
July 2017 in “International journal of pharmaceutics” Using β-cyclodextrin derivatives improves the solubility and bioavailability of steroidal drugs.
Testosterone in human pancreas cells boosts insulin production.
Testosterone in our bodies helps increase insulin secretion from the pancreas.
123 citations,
December 1997 in “Calcified Tissue International” Higher androgen levels and site-specific AR expression cause sex-related skeletal differences, and certain steroids can boost AR expression and androgen effects in bone cells.
120 citations,
April 2019 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Both estrogens and androgens are important for health in both males and females.
74 citations,
April 2002 in “PubMed” Both oral contraceptives reduced acne effectively and had similar positive effects on skin oiliness and hair growth.
35 citations,
October 2005 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Polymers increased skin permeation and stability of steroid hormones in liposomal formulations.
11 citations,
April 2018 in “Epilepsy research” Letrozole reduces seizures but not brain damage in mice.
11 citations,
November 2009 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Bolandiol, a synthetic steroid, builds muscle and bone without greatly affecting sex glands, and works differently from other hormones.
9 citations,
March 2008 in “PubMed” Low estrogen compared to androgen may cause female hair loss.
8 citations,
February 2009 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.
2 citations,
April 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” Testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women appears safe and may protect against heart disease, but requires constant monitoring and more research for long-term effects.
2 citations,
July 2017 in “Oman medical journal” A man with a rare adrenal cancer showed unusual symptoms and died four months after diagnosis.
1 citations,
April 2022 in “Emergency Medicine Australasia” The document concludes that respectful, gender-affirming healthcare improves mental health and encourages continued medical care for transgender and non-binary individuals.
1 citations,
March 2022 in “Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology” Ovarian volume is significantly related to higher levels of certain hormones in Korean women with PCOS.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone can lower testosterone in some transfeminine people.
January 2024 in “Cosmetics” Menopause worsens skin, hair, and nails, affecting self-esteem and quality of life.
August 2023 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Metformin lowers prolactin in women without PCOS but not in those with PCOS, where it reduces other hormones instead.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's severe hirsutism was caused by Leydig cell tumors in her ovaries, which improved after surgery.
March 2023 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Low-dose oral minoxidil improved hair growth when topical treatments failed.
January 2011 in “Journal of biological research” Endocrine disruptors may cause early hair loss.
228 citations,
February 2003 in “Urology” Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer can cause sexual, physical, and psychological side effects, and doctors should manage these carefully.
159 citations,
July 2006 in “Endocrine Reviews” Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.
103 citations,
October 2003 in “Birth Defects Research” Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.
68 citations,
February 2019 in “Urology” Hormonal treatment in transgender women reduces semen quality, but stopping treatment may improve it.
68 citations,
June 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets” Oestrogens help maintain healthy skin, heal wounds, and may protect against skin aging and cancer.
56 citations,
October 1983 in “Archives of Dermatology” Some women with acne have higher levels of free testosterone, which might suggest using hormonal treatments for acne.
46 citations,
January 1996 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” People with late-stage HIV-1 often experience a specific type of hair loss linked to multiple factors, including nutritional issues and immune responses.
44 citations,
May 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Insulin resistance might not be enough to worsen blood vessel function in young, nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.