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Methotrexate treats various disorders by inhibiting DNA synthesis, but careful monitoring is needed to avoid toxicity and manage side effects.

Gonadal dysgenesis, like Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes, negatively affects bone health, but hormone treatments can help.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is important for tissue development and has potential in regenerative medicine, but requires more research for therapeutic use.

The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

Menopause and aging can affect women's quality of life and sexuality, but hormone therapies may help alleviate these issues.

Researchers created a mouse model for Cushing's syndrome to study glucocorticoid excess and potential treatments.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

Women with early-onset baldness should be checked for early bone loss, but bone density doesn't change with baldness severity.

Bolandiol, a synthetic steroid, builds muscle and bone without greatly affecting sex glands, and works differently from other hormones.

Glucocorticoids can cause various health issues, but some treatments may help reduce these effects.

Corticosteroid therapy for alopecia areata can cause severe hip bone damage.

Bariatric surgery can cause serious mineral deficiencies, requiring better patient education and monitoring.

Androgen receptors are active in many tissues of both male and female mice, not just reproductive organs.

Progeroid mouse models show signs of early aging similar to humans, helping us understand aging better.

The same hormone can affect gene expression differently in various tissues, which could lead to new treatments for conditions like hair loss.

Drinking a lot of alcohol increases the risk of prostate cancer and can worsen the condition.

More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.

Adequate steroid treatment needed to limit bone loss in PMR patients.

Good nutrition is crucial for health and preventing disease, and supplements can help prevent nutrient deficiencies.

Cushing's syndrome can cause serious health problems, and early treatment is crucial, but some issues may remain after treatment.

A 3-month stay in space causes skin thinning, disrupts hair growth, and changes muscle-related genes in mice.

Menopause significantly reduces skin collagen, leading to thinner, less elastic skin, and hormone replacement may help but requires careful consideration.

R-spondins and their receptors help increase bone growth and may be used to treat bone loss diseases.

The pituitary gland functions normally even after losing most SOX2+ stem cells.

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

Changing the environment around stem cells could help tissue repair, but it's hard to be precise and avoid side effects.

Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.