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Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

Minoxidil promotes hair growth in male pattern baldness.

Tofacitinib may help treat severe hair loss, but more research is needed.

The document concludes that understanding hair structure is key to diagnosing hair abnormalities and recommends gentle hair care for management.

Survivors of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis need ongoing care for various long-term health problems.

Cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors may develop alopecia, but some hair regrowth is possible with treatment.

The document concludes that early recognition and treatment of PCOS in adolescents is crucial for managing symptoms and long-term health risks.

LGR5 helps maintain corneal cell characteristics and prevents unwanted changes by controlling specific cell signaling pathways.

Iron deficiency common in women, not always linked to hair loss; more research needed.

Lowest effective minoxidil concentration is 1%, but 2% works better for male pattern baldness.

Human hair contains diverse proteins, including keratins and histones, which could help assess hair health and aging.

LGBT individuals have unique skin health needs, including higher STD risks and side effects from gender-affirming treatments, requiring dermatologists to offer knowledgeable and culturally competent care.

Hormone imbalances can cause specific skin changes, which may help in early detection of endocrine disorders.

Minoxidil's effectiveness decreases as vehicle evaporates; concentration and thermodynamic activity matter.

Heparan sulfate is important for hair growth, preventing new hair formation in mature skin, and controlling oil gland development.

Most pregnant women experience skin darkening and hair changes, with these effects usually going away after giving birth.

Melatonin may help treat PCOS symptoms in rats.

Most patients with Porphyria Cutanea Tarda had skin blisters and were often affected by hepatitis C and alcohol abuse, with differences between familial and sporadic cases.

Researchers isolated a new type of stem cell from mouse skin that can renew itself and turn into multiple cell types.

Finasteride treatment in male rats causes long-lasting effects on depression-like behavior, brain cell growth, inflammation, and gut bacteria composition.

Long-term use of a certain medication can worsen erectile function in aged rats by damaging penile muscle cells.

Hormonal treatments are effective as a second-line option for moderate-to-severe acne in females, but should be used with caution due to health risks.

Nd:YAG laser can reduce hair with multiple treatments, but permanent removal isn't guaranteed.

The model suggests that scalp tension could lead to hair loss, with factors like blood vessel hardening, enlarged oil glands, and poor microcirculation also playing a role. It also hints at a possible link between skull shape and baldness pattern.

Keratin 17 is modified by RSK1 in response to growth and stress, affecting skin growth and stress response.

Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.

Laser treatment helped regrow hair in mice by activating a key growth pathway.

Genes linked to fibrosis are more active in people with central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia.

Skin lymphatic vessels are essential for hair growth.

Hydroxychloroquine showed some potential, but overall, the three drugs had limited success in treating lupus in dogs.