November 2014 in “Elsevier eBooks” Gene mutations can cause problems in male genital development.
111 citations,
May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Insufficient androgen action in male fetuses can cause genital development issues due to genetic mutations or environmental chemicals.
5 citations,
February 2020 in “Journal of pediatric & adolescent gynecology” Recurrent vaginal bleeding in young girls without puberty signs may require a genital exam to find hidden causes.
86 citations,
March 1993 in “Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology” Finasteride affects male rat genitalia development, causing abnormalities during specific pregnancy days.
64 citations,
June 2009 in “Photomedicine and Laser Surgery” Excimer light effectively treats various skin diseases, including psoriasis, vitiligo, and mycosis fungoides.
54 citations,
May 2018 in “International journal of risk & safety in medicine” Antidepressants, 5α-reductase inhibitors, and isotretinoin can cause long-lasting sexual dysfunction.
49 citations,
March 2018 in “Toxicological sciences” Low doses of mixed chemicals cause permanent reproductive malformations in male rats.
41 citations,
February 1970 in “Archives of Dermatology” Oral contraceptives can cause skin issues like dark patches, acne, yeast infections, sensitivity to light, spider veins, skin rashes, and hair loss.
34 citations,
February 1993 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Certain 4-azasteroids are effective at blocking the enzyme that processes testosterone in human skin and could help treat acne, excessive hair growth, and male pattern baldness.
29 citations,
December 2012 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity” With careful management, people with congenital adrenal hyperplasia can have successful pregnancies and become parents.
26 citations,
December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy and surgeries like mastectomy improve transgender men's lives and mental health with low risks and high satisfaction.
22 citations,
March 2019 in “Environmental health” Higher fluoride levels may delay puberty in boys.
14 citations,
January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia have lower fertility, but with proper treatment, they can conceive successfully.
5 citations,
July 2019 in “Nutrients” Low selenium intake may delay puberty in boys but not in girls.
4 citations,
August 2021 in “Pediatrics in review” DSDs are birth conditions causing unusual sex development, managed with personalized care and sometimes surgery, but still lack a standard treatment approach.
3 citations,
September 1999 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” People with Behçet's disease can develop life-threatening lung artery aneurysms that may require surgery.
1 citations,
April 2022 in “Emergency Medicine Australasia” The document concludes that respectful, gender-affirming healthcare improves mental health and encourages continued medical care for transgender and non-binary individuals.
1 citations,
December 2010 in “Elsevier eBooks” Cell transplantation faces challenges in genitourinary reconstruction, but alternative tissue sources and microencapsulation show promise.
1 citations,
June 2008 in “The Journal of Urology” Dihydrotestosterone gel before hypospadias surgery led to less scarring but raised concerns about potential psychological effects and skin changes.
December 2013 in “Reactions Weekly” Some men taking finasteride for hair loss experienced anxiety, depression, and sexual problems, which sometimes continued after stopping the medication.
November 2013 in “International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences” Doctors often miss Hair Tourniquet Syndrome, which can lead to serious damage if not treated quickly.
April 2022 in “The Journal of Urology” Men may experience long-term sexual dysfunction after stopping Finasteride.
June 2021 in “Reactions Weekly” Finasteride caused serious side effects and led to six suicides.
46 citations,
October 2012 in “Seminars in reproductive medicine” Genetic defects in androgen production are linked to male developmental disorders and are improving treatment understanding.
6 citations,
March 2009 in “Annals of Saudi Medicine” Finasteride use during early pregnancy may cause limb deformities in babies.
15 citations,
March 1997 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Finasteride shows promise for treating hair loss and excessive hair growth, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety.
53 citations,
June 1993 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” LY191704 is a compound that effectively blocks a specific enzyme involved in hormone conversion and could help treat enlarged prostate and hair loss.
34 citations,
October 2011 in “Pathology Research International” Behçet's Disease may be caused by genetic and environmental factors leading to abnormal immune responses, and stress management and new treatments could improve patient outcomes.
15 citations,
December 2019 in “Aesthetic Surgery Journal” Most insurance companies do not cover extra gender-affirming surgeries, with coverage being low and inconsistent.
11 citations,
May 1996 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The main enzyme found in pubic skin that could be targeted to treat excessive hair growth is 5 alpha-R2.