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Tributyltin exposure causes sex changes, sterilization, and decline in the snail Ocinebrina aciculata, risking its extinction.

The document does not determine if adults with aphallia are fertile.

PCOS increases sexual pain distress in infertile women.

Imiquimod cream activates hair follicle stem cells and causes early hair growth by changing immune cells and certain protein expressions.

The review highlights the need for more research on transgender dermatology, the role of dermatologists in gender affirmation, and the effects of hormone therapy on skin and hair.

Collecting sexual orientation and gender identity data in dermatology can lead to better, more sensitive care for sexual and gender minority patients.

Finasteride and dutasteride are effective in treating male hair loss but can cause sexual side effects and birth defects.

The HPV type 11 region activates hair-specific gene expression in mice.

5-alpha reductase inhibitors may have additional effects on cancer, mental health, heart health, and hormone levels beyond treating prostate enlargement.

Finasteride may cause lasting sexual and mental health issues, and genetic screening could help prevent them.

A woman developed male characteristics after using unregulated hormone therapy.

Chitin and chitosan are useful in cosmetics for oral care, haircare, and skincare, including UV protection and strength improvement.

Grape seed oil improved hair quality the most, followed by rosehip and safflower seed oils, and reduced damage from shampoo.

Dermatoscopy is a useful tool for diagnosing hair disorders and can help choose samples for more detailed analysis.

Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.

A family had a rare fungal infection called white piedra, identified as Trichosporon inkin.

Children's hair loss can be caused by various factors and should be treated with appropriate, age-specific methods and psychological support.

Most children with skin inflammation taking methotrexate had lab abnormalities, but liver issues often improved without changing the medication dose.

Using hair loss drugs finasteride and dutasteride may cause sexual side effects.

A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.

Women with PCOS may have a higher risk of respiratory and ear infections due to slower nasal mucociliary clearance.

Rice bran extract might help prevent hair loss.

A woman with discoid lupus improved with treatment after being misdiagnosed with a different hair loss condition.

Skin lesions in Carney complex are likely caused by a specific group of skin cells that promote pigment production due to a genetic mutation.

Eruptive vellus hair cysts are often missed in diagnoses.

Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a common disorder causing symptoms like acne and infertility, and it's managed based on symptoms, not just test results. Treatment can improve fertility and reduce miscarriage risk.

New research is needed to create better drugs that block the enzyme responsible for conditions like male baldness and prostate enlargement.

Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause different levels of androgen insensitivity, making it hard to create simple tests for the condition.

The enzyme type 1 5α-reductase is more active in the hair follicle's lower part than in the skin's outer layer.

Mutations in the CYP21A2 gene are not a major factor in causing PCOS.