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TGF-β is crucial for controlling stem cell behavior and changes in its signaling can lead to diseases like cancer.

Pregnancy can cause skin darkening, varicose veins, more sweating, hair growth, hair loss after birth, nail changes, and gum inflammation.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

Women with PCOS may take longer to get pregnant but can have a normal family size, and should manage their overall health to reduce long-term health risks.

An imbalanced gut and lack of biotin can cause hair loss in mice.

The circadian clock influences the behavior and regeneration of stem cells in the body.

Pregnancy causes skin changes like darkening, hair thickening, nail changes, and increased risk of skin growths, most of which usually resolve after birth.

The p53 protein helps control hair follicle shrinking by promoting cell death in mice.

Short-chain fatty acids from *Cutibacterium acnes* cause skin inflammation, contributing to acne.

Noggin overexpression delays eyelid opening by affecting cell death and skin cell development.

There are still challenges in diagnosing and treating chronic skin diseases, but there is hope for future improvements.

AGD1 is important for root hair development in Arabidopsis, working with phosphoinositide signaling and the actin cytoskeleton.

Mutations in the LSS gene cause a rare type of hereditary hair loss.

Different harmful mutations in the CDH3 gene cause HJMD, but symptoms vary among individuals.

Oral retinoids are effective for severe skin conditions but require careful use due to side effects.

Maintaining the right amount of retinoic acid is crucial for healthy hair and skin.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is common but often undiagnosed, and early treatment is important to prevent health problems.

Pregnancy can cause normal skin changes that usually go away after childbirth and don't need treatment.

New genes found linked to balding, may help develop future treatments.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone affect hair growth, and new techniques like the folliculogram help study it, but fully understanding hair growth is still complex.

Lifestyle changes are the main treatment for PCOS, which is a complex condition requiring early management to reduce its health impacts.

Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a common disorder causing symptoms like acne and infertility, and it's managed based on symptoms, not just test results. Treatment can improve fertility and reduce miscarriage risk.

Eph/ephrin signaling is important for skin cell behavior and could be targeted to treat skin diseases.

Most pregnant women experience skin darkening and hair changes, with these effects usually going away after giving birth.

Hormones during pregnancy and lactation keep skin stem cells inactive, preventing hair growth.

Women's hair generally gets thinner and less dense starting in their mid-thirties, with hair loss becoming more common as they age due to both genetics and environment.

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing permanent hair loss in various scalp conditions, and while new treatments are promising, more research is needed to evaluate their effectiveness.

Low and ultralow doses of flutamide can cause liver damage in young women with high androgen levels, regardless of dose or birth control use, with higher risk for those with higher BMI and liver enzyme levels before treatment.

Changes in keratin affect skin health and can lead to skin disorders like blistering diseases and psoriasis.

The document concludes that certain mutations may contribute to the inflammation in hidradenitis suppurativa and suggests that targeting TNFα could be a treatment strategy.