Physiologic Skin Changes in Pregnancy

    January 1984 in “ Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology ”
    Reynold C. Wong, Charles N. Ellis
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    TLDR Pregnancy can cause skin darkening, varicose veins, more sweating, hair growth, hair loss after birth, nail changes, and gum inflammation.
    The 1984 document outlines a variety of skin changes during pregnancy, largely attributed to hormonal fluctuations. Hyperpigmentation affects up to 90% of pregnant women, with melasma occurring in 50% to 75%, particularly in those with darker complexions. Vascular changes include varicosities in over 40% of women and hemangiomas in 5%, while glandular changes involve increased eccrine sweating and potential alterations in sebaceous gland activity. Hair changes are also noted, with increased hirsutism during pregnancy and postpartum telogen effluvium affecting many women, leading to hair loss starting 4 to 20 weeks after delivery with recovery within 6 to 15 months. Nail changes and pregnancy gingivitis are also common, with the latter affecting up to 100% of pregnant women. The document emphasizes that while these changes are primarily cosmetic, they are significant for patient care and dermatological consideration.
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