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This source describes the proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Evolutionary Medicine, summarizing over 100 scientific presentations focused on human development, health, and adaptation in changing environments, and commemorating Vilnius University's historical contributions to auxology and evolutionary medicine.

Hair graying may help prevent cancer by protecting stem cells.

PCOS may have evolved as an advantage in past environments with food scarcity.

This paper reviews the role of the telomere-telomerase system in cellular ageing and cancer, discussing potential therapies but reporting no new experimental results.

The document concludes that understanding health requires considering evolutionary perspectives on reproductive fitness, and recognizing the complexity of factors like diet, testosterone, and sexual orientation.

Human hair is unique and important for understanding human evolution and identity.

This study found that in wound-induced hair neogenesis, African spiny mice and laboratory mice exhibit different morphogenetic field formation patterns related to tissue stiffness, suggesting evolutionary developmental biology advantages.

The p53 protein has complex, sometimes contradictory functions, including tumor suppression and promoting cell survival.

This study suggests that fibroblast growth factors exhibit significant expression differences in rodent and primate skin, potentially related to their evolutionary paths and environmental adaptations.

This review discusses melatonin's potential in dermatology, highlighting its antioxidative, immunomodulatory, and DNA repair properties, but reports no new clinical results.

This article discusses the role of neurohormones and neuropeptides in hair follicle pigmentation and outlines promising neuroendocrinological strategies to address greying and damage, but reports no new clinical results.

This review explores theories on the evolution of hair from synapsid scales and glands, proposing mechanisms supported by comparative studies, but reports no new experimental findings.

This research suggests that mouse mutants and genomics can help study hair biology and epithelial differentiation by focusing on the role of the Foxn1 gene.

This article discusses the role of human hair follicles in neuroendocrinology and suggests potential new therapeutic targets by examining how neuromediators influence hair growth, pigmentation, and stem cell biology in organ cultures.

This workshop review discusses the dual role of cellular senescence in cancer, highlighting both its anticancer effects and pro-tumorigenic potential, while reporting no new research results.

This study found that ancient and modern Chinese goats share close genetic ties, originating from the Fertile Crescent, with genetic divergence influenced by China's climatic divisions.

This review discusses the potential of single cell technologies to improve understanding and treatment of impaired wound healing and reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the potential markers for identifying and studying stem cells in the epidermis and hair follicles, highlighting their role in understanding skin disease pathogenesis and expanding therapeutic options, but reports no new findings.

This article discusses a proposed "Darwinian" model of carcinogenesis and emphasizes that cancer prevention involves more than avoiding mutagens, as gene-environment interactions are complex and non-linear.

This review highlights recent advancements in using nanotechnology to improve the function and delivery of PROTAC drugs, despite existing challenges like low solubility and poor permeability, aiming to enhance their potential in disease treatment.

The article concludes that studying how skin forms is key to understanding skin diseases and improving regenerative medicine.

This review highlights the promise of non-viral gene delivery systems, particularly genosomes, over traditional viral vectors due to enhanced safety and efficiency in therapeutic nucleic acid delivery for genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis and malignancies.

In this study, researchers found that the EDMTFH protein is present in specific layers of the chicken embryo skin and feathers, suggesting its role in feather mechanics and development.

This review discusses the classification, diagnosis, and potential treatment pathways for Alopecia Areata, emphasizing the complex genetic and immunological factors involved, but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the applications and advantages of LED-based photobiomodulation therapy for dermatological and cosmetic purposes but highlights existing challenges and health concerns while exploring future perspectives.

This review examines melatonin's potential effects on human skin and hair follicle pigmentation, highlighting the need to confirm findings from cell cultures in physiological tissue contexts.

This review summarizes structural insights into androgen receptor dynamics, highlighting its flexibility in binding numerous partners, which may explain adaptive resistance mutations in cancer and loss of function in androgen insensitivity syndrome.

This review examines the adaptive value and mechanisms of seasonal coat colour moulting in birds and mammals, highlighting the challenge of camouflage mismatch and the necessity for evolutionary adaptation under climate change.

This observational study provides cause-specific mortality estimates to help patients and physicians better understand long-term outcomes for localized prostate cancer based on initial treatment choices.

This study's model suggests that low androgen levels can increase selection for prostate cancer phenotypes resistant to hormonal therapy, potentially leading to more aggressive forms of cancer.