Light Emitting Diodes Technology-Based Photobiomodulation Therapy for Dermatology and Aesthetics: Recent Applications, Challenges, and Perspectives

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has been increasingly applied in dermatology and aesthetics for a variety of treatments, including skin rejuvenation, acne, scarring, hair loss, fat reduction, and tooth whitening. The document highlights the effectiveness of LED therapy in improving inflammatory acne lesions by 78% and comedone count by 34%, and its benefits in scar treatment and hair regrowth, particularly with red LED light at 650 nm. It also discusses the use of blue LED light for antibacterial purposes and its combination with photocosmetics to enhance hair growth. However, the document also notes the potential cytotoxic effects of blue LED light on human tissues and the importance of controlling LED light parameters to minimize risks. The future of LED technology in dermatology looks promising with the development of next-generation light sources like organic LEDs (OLEDs) and quantum dot LEDs (QLEDs), which offer advantages such as uniformity, low heat generation, and flexibility. Despite the challenges that remain, such as managing moisture and toxicity, LED technology is expected to significantly advance dermatological and cosmetic applications.