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The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.

Telogen effluvium is a reversible hair loss condition that requires a detailed diagnosis and often resolves on its own.

Planarian regeneration begins with a specific gene activation caused by injury, essential for healing and tissue regrowth.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.

The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.

Hair follicles help absorb and store topical compounds, aiding targeted drug delivery.

Certain cells from hair follicles can create new hair and contribute to hair growth when implanted in mice.

Pregnancy can cause various skin changes and diseases, with PUPPP being the most common skin condition specific to pregnancy.

Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.

Scientists have found a way to create hair follicles from skin cells of newborn mice, which can grow and cycle naturally when injected into adult mouse skin.

Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.

Lactate production is important for activating hair growth stem cells.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.

Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.

Hair and wool have complex microscopic structures with microfibrils and varying cystine content.

Women with PCOS are more likely to have impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes, especially if they are Asian or obese.

Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss due to the immune system attacking hair follicles, often influenced by genetics and stress.

Researchers created human hair follicles using a new method that could help treat hair loss.

Opioid painkillers can cause many side effects, including breathing problems and addiction, but are generally considered safe when used properly.

Menopause can lead to skin and hair problems due to hormonal changes, but hormone replacement therapy might help slow these effects.

Fluoxetine was not effective in treating hair-pulling disorder in the short term.

Epigenetic changes control how adult stem cells work and can lead to diseases like cancer if they go wrong.

Regenerated fully functional hair follicles using stem cells, with potential for hair regrowth therapy.

New effective scar treatments are urgently needed due to the current options' limited success.

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) help control skin health, hair growth, and color, and could potentially be used to treat skin and hair disorders.

Capsaicin, found in chili peppers, can slow down hair growth by affecting skin cells and hair follicles.

Chemotherapy can cause skin problems like hair loss, mouth sores, and skin darkening, and recognizing these can affect treatment decisions.