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Adding anti-Müllerian hormone to PCOS criteria lowers the number of women diagnosed.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is challenging and should use strict criteria to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary worry.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.

Spironolactone is a safe and effective treatment for reducing excessive hair growth in women.

Special fiber materials boost the healing properties of certain stem cells.

Minoxidil, finasteride, and low-level laser light therapy effectively treat hair loss.

Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.

Different types of skin cells have unique genetic markers that affect how likely they are to spread cancer.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.

The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.

High androgen levels in young women with PCOS are linked to higher blood pressure.

Flutamide is more effective and has fewer side effects than spironolactone for treating hirsutism.

Latanoprost can make eyelashes longer, thicker, and darker.

Some skin medications are safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but others can harm the baby and should be avoided.

Women with PCOS have heart-related issues not because of obesity, but due to insulin resistance and low adiponectin levels.

Stem cell self-renewal is complex and needs more research for full understanding.

Laser device increases hair density, safe for treating hair loss in men and women.

Too much Smad7 changes skin and hair development by breaking down a protein called β-catenin, leading to more oil glands and fewer hair follicles.

Finasteride safely lowers DHT levels without affecting testosterone.

Different types of stem cells with unique roles exist in blood, skin, and intestines, and this variety is important for tissue repair.

The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.

Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

Understanding how cells die in the skin is important for treating skin diseases and preventing hair loss.

Higher doses of cranial irradiation are linked to permanent hair loss.

Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.

Minoxidil effectively treats hair loss, but use cautiously and monitor side effects.

Androgens have complex effects on hair growth, promoting it in some areas but causing hair loss in others, and our understanding of this is still evolving.

Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.