91 citations,
December 2000 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Scientists successfully created mouse hair proteins in the lab, which are stable and similar to natural hair.
84 citations,
April 2015 in “Cosmetics” Hair dyes vary in how long they last and how deeply they penetrate hair.
48 citations,
November 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Genetic variations in hair keratin proteins exist but don't significantly affect hair structure.
47 citations,
September 2011 in “Acta biomaterialia” Protein composition greatly affects the function of keratin biomaterials.
45 citations,
October 2008 in “Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews” Activins and follistatins, part of the TGFβ family, are crucial for hair follicle development and skin health, affecting growth, repair, and the hair cycle.
22 citations,
December 2015 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” A mouse gene mutation increases the risk of skin cancer.
22 citations,
August 2015 in “PloS one” Keratin from hair binds well to gold and BMP-2, useful for bone repair.
10 citations,
November 2021 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Sheep and goat hair fibers are complex due to keratin-associated proteins, which are important for fiber properties and growth.
8 citations,
January 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Transglutaminase activity is important for skin and is found in both mammals and birds.
1 citations,
January 2018 in “Journal of microscopy and ultrastructure” The method can identify minerals in hair from water, and using coconut oil or conditioner can prevent mineral buildup.
May 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair's strength, especially when wet.
86 citations,
April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
50 citations,
February 2013 in “BMC evolutionary biology” Cetaceans lost hair due to changes in the Hr and FGF5 genes.
27 citations,
May 2019 in “Cosmetics” The hair cuticle is made of tough proteins that protect the hair, but more research is needed to fully understand its structure.
9 citations,
March 2019 in “Molecular & cellular proteomics” Reductive stress messes up collagen balance and alters cell signaling in human skin cells, which could help treat certain skin diseases.
4 citations,
January 2020 in “Genes” The KRTAP21-2 gene affects wool length and quality in sheep.
2 citations,
March 2023 in “BMC ecology and evolution” Some hair protein genes evolved early and were adapted for use in hair follicles.
517 citations,
February 2010 in “Materials” Keratin from hair and wool is used in medical materials for healing and drug delivery.
235 citations,
July 1999 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Human hair is made up of different keratins, some strong and some weak, with specific types appearing at various stages of hair growth.
166 citations,
November 2008 in “Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism” Biotin and biotinidase are essential to prevent health issues, and deficiencies require lifelong supplementation.
107 citations,
March 2014 in “BoneKEy Reports” Mutations in the vitamin D receptor cause hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets, leading to poor bone health and requiring high calcium doses for treatment.
100 citations,
December 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Researchers mapped and categorized specific keratin-associated protein genes on human chromosome 21q22.1.
73 citations,
October 2013 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Chemical hair straightening can damage hair and health, needing safer alternatives and stricter regulations.
53 citations,
June 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” KAP genes show significant genetic variability, but its impact on hair traits is unclear.
30 citations,
August 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” TGase 3 helps build hair structure by forming strong bonds between proteins.
29 citations,
June 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Notch signaling disruptions can cause various skin diseases.
28 citations,
November 2018 in “Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine” CXXC5 is a protein that controls cell growth and healing processes, and changes in its activity can lead to diseases like cancer and hair loss.
24 citations,
January 2022 in “Journal of Nanobiotechnology” Quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes help maize roots grow better under stress by reducing oxidative damage.
23 citations,
December 2021 in “Frontiers in Immunology” IL-1 family cytokines are crucial for skin defense and healing, but their imbalance can cause skin diseases.
18 citations,
October 2021 in “Frontiers in Physiology” Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (L-PGDS) is a protein that plays many roles in the body, including sleep regulation, pain management, food intake, and protection against harmful substances. It also affects fat metabolism, glucose intolerance, cell maturation, and is involved in various diseases like diabetes, cancer, and arthritis. It can influence sex organ development and embryonic cell differentiation, and its levels can be used as a diagnostic marker for certain conditions.