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This review explores advancements in bioprinting technologies for developing in vitro skin models that replicate immune-mediated skin diseases, highlighting their potential to reduce animal testing and enhance research and product testing capabilities in dermatology.

This article discusses the role of regulatory T cells in alopecia areata, where their deficiency in hair follicles may lead to impaired local immunity and suggests potential therapies like CAR-T reg cells and low-dose IL-2 to alleviate autoimmunity and promote hair regeneration in affected individuals.

In this study, researchers found that hair follicle stem cells activate an immune-modulatory program during wound healing, promoting Treg cell expansion and aiding skin repair, while deleting certain immune components impaired healing and increased inflammation in a mouse model.

This study found that B6.CD80CD86−/− mice developed autoimmune-like alopecia with nearly 100% incidence by 40 weeks, making them a promising model for studying human alopecia areata.

This review discusses emerging treatments and mechanisms for alopecia, highlighting potential therapies like janus kinase inhibitors and advances in stem-cell technology, but reports no new experimental results.

This review explored the new and emerging treatments for androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata, finding that JAK inhibitors show promise for alopecia areata, while advancements in stem-cell research may eventually lead to new and improved treatments for androgenetic alopecia.

This review summarizes recent research on alopecia areata, highlighting advances in targeted therapies due to improved understanding of its immunopathogenesis, though it reports no new clinical results.

This study reports that a new mouse model with a CARD14 mutation successfully mimics key human PRP symptoms, and anti-IL-17A antibody significantly reduces these symptoms.

Mice treatments didn't grow hair, a patient treatment may affect immune response, and people with hair loss often feel anxious or depressed.

This study found that patients with alopecia areata exhibited increased CRHR1 expression on circulating monocytes compared to controls, suggesting that stress-related factors like CRH and CRHR1 may contribute to the development and progression of the condition, particularly in chronic cases and those with larger lesions.

This article reviews current and emerging treatments for alopecia areata, emphasizing the need for biomarker-driven patient stratification to optimize therapeutic strategies and reduce potential side effects; it reports no new clinical findings.

This review discusses recent advances in dermatology, highlighting progress in understanding disease natural histories and emerging treatments, but reports no new clinical findings.

This study found that the Yangyin Qingre Huoxue Prescription effectively reduced the progression of atherosclerosis in mice, with lipid-regulating and anti-inflammatory functions and lower hepatotoxicity than simvastatin.

Alopecia areata is caused by an immune response, and targeting immune cells might help treat it.

Ritlecitinib may help treat alopecia areata by protecting hair follicles.

This study identified CD28, GZMB, and CD1C as key immune regulators in alopecia areata, highlighting CD28 as a potential therapeutic target with a promising safety profile, using a proteome-anchored multi-omics approach to uncover actionable targets for this autoimmune hair-loss disorder.

This study identified CD28 as a promising drug target for treating alopecia areata, using a multi-omics approach to highlight its role in immune regulation and linking it to favorable safety profiles, thus offering a strategy for autoimmune target discovery.

This study identified CD28 as a potential drug target in treating alopecia areata by linking immune signaling pathways to local inflammation, highlighting belatacept as a promising treatment option due to minimal adverse effects and providing insights into autoimmune target discovery.

This study found that activating hair follicle resident T cells in a human organ culture can induce an alopecia areata-like immune response, and that the drug farudodstat partially reduced this effect.

In this study, the researchers used a human hair follicle model to demonstrate that T cell stimulation can induce an alopecia areata–like phenotype, with cell proliferation and immune privilege collapse; however, the DHODH inhibitor farudodstat partially mitigated these effects by reducing T cell proliferation.

This study reported that using photoacoustic waves to enhance transdermal delivery of encapsulated minoxidil can significantly increase hair growth while reducing treatment frequency and systemic side effects.

This study found that in mice with premature ovarian insufficiency, miR-21 enhances ovarian function recovery following umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation by influencing specific cellular signaling and immune pathways.

Farudodstat may effectively treat alopecia areata without harmful side effects.

In this study, subcutaneous recombinant human IL-12 showed a 43% partial response rate in early-stage mycosis fungoides patients refractory to previous treatments, with generally mild to moderate adverse events reported.

In this study, rheumatoid arthritis patients showed no changes in the number of circulating follicular helper T cells, but these cells had increased CD200 expression, implicating them in disease pathogenesis and suggesting CD200/CD200R as a potential therapeutic target.

Certain CD8+ T cells attack hair follicles in alopecia areata, suggesting they could be targeted for treatment.

This study in a murine model of alopecia areata found that IFNg is crucial while perforin is not necessary for CD8 T cell-mediated disease development.

This study found that in mice with alopecia areata, CD8+ T cells showed clonal expansion and specific regulatory networks, which might help identify new therapeutic targets for patients not responding to JAK inhibitors.