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An 86-year-old man with prostate cancer was diagnosed with a rare, low-grade breast cancer and underwent surgery but declined additional hormone therapy.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

The document reports findings on genetic research, including ethical concerns about genome editing, improved diagnosis of mitochondrial mutations, solving inherited eye diseases, confirming gene roles in epilepsy, linking a gene to aneurysms, and identifying genes associated with age-related macular degeneration.

Certain gene patterns in breast cancer are linked to how active hormone receptors are and could affect patient survival.

Rare ULBP3 gene changes may raise the risk of Alopecia areata, a certain FAS gene deletion could cause a dysfunctional protein in an immune disorder, and having one copy of a specific genetic deletion is okay, but two copies cause sickle cell disease.

Women with AGA have higher lipid levels, increasing heart disease risk.

Disrupting Acvr1b in mice causes severe hair loss and thicker skin.

Taking 5-alpha reductase inhibitors does not increase the risk of breast cancer in men.

MendelVar is a tool that helps identify important genes by combining GWAS data with Mendelian disease information.

Certain genetic markers linked to reproductive potential were identified by their impact on a protein's ability to bind to genes.

Cantú syndrome may be linked to pituitary adenomas.

Different types of skin cells have unique genetic markers that affect how likely they are to spread cancer.

The review recommends hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency to manage symptoms and protect health, with specific approaches for different groups.

Understanding where cancer cells come from helps create better prevention and treatment methods.

Personalized thiopurine dosing based on NUDT15 genotyping can improve long-term outcomes for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients.

YAP and TAZ proteins are necessary for the development of two types of skin cancer.

Oral contraceptives lower testosterone levels in women, especially those with certain genetic traits, and may be linked to increased breast cancer risk.

A specific ATR gene mutation is linked to a hereditary oropharyngeal cancer syndrome.

Non-coding RNAs could help detect and treat radiation damage.

A20 protein is crucial for normal skin and hair development.

Maintaining DNA health in stem cells is key to preventing aging and tissue breakdown.

The topical inhibitor CUR61414 was not effective in treating basal cell carcinoma in human trials.

Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.

The treatment was ineffective in humans.

The document concludes that the fast-growing direct-to-consumer genetic testing market lacks sufficient regulation, posing risks to consumers due to questionable test quality and accuracy.

Inactive hair follicle stem cells help prevent skin cancer.

RANK is a key target in breast cancer treatment due to its role in tumor growth and bone metastasis.

The androgen receptor is a promising target for breast cancer treatment, especially in triple-negative cases, but more research is needed for personalized therapies.

Human hair follicles may provide a noninvasive way to diagnose diseases and have potential in regenerative medicine.

Pica disorder in central Iraq is mainly found in females and is linked to low iron levels; treatment with iron improves most patients.