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The study found that urine metabolites M1b or M4 are the best indicators of ATD use in horses, with detection possible up to 77 hours in urine and 28 hours in blood.

Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.

The document concludes that better biomarkers are needed to detect long-term oral testosterone use in athletes.

The method effectively detects banned substances in urine for sports antidoping.

Using anabolic androgenic steroids can cause serious, lasting health problems in many parts of the body.

The document concludes that there are still unknowns about the effectiveness, risks, and detection of performance-enhancing drugs, and doping remains a challenge.

New tests detect finasteride and dutasteride in urine quickly and easily.

New method effectively detects illegal hormones in anti-aging foods.

5α-reductase inhibitors can interfere with doping tests by masking banned substances.

Clinicians should use social and prescription data to track trends in performance-enhancing drug use.

Human hair is a significant sample for various tests in clinical, nutritional, archaeological, and forensic studies.

Eating high-glycemic and dairy foods can increase hormones that may cause acne and other health issues.

Hair analysis for stress and reproductive hormones in wildlife needs more research for accuracy across species.

Using anabolic-androgenic steroids can harm men's reproductive health and increase the risk of heart problems and death.

Detecting steroid esters in cattle hair is inconsistent and influenced by sampling factors.

Long-term anabolic steroid use can lead to heart and metabolic health issues.

Plant sterols have health benefits like lowering cholesterol, but more research is needed to understand their effects and improve their extraction and sustainability.

Many women who have used performance-enhancing drugs in Finland show high rates of mental health and substance use issues, and most have normal red blood cell counts.

Men and women react differently to opioids, with hormones potentially influencing these differences.

High doses of rosemary extract can harm the liver, kidneys, and reproductive organs in young rats.

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

The vitamin D receptor is involved in multiple body functions beyond calcium regulation, including immune response and rapid reactions not related to gene activity.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.

Stress activates a special function of the Vitamin D receptor with the help of c-Jun, which can also prevent cell death.

Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) are drugs that can control the effects of androgens in different tissues, potentially having fewer side effects and promising for treating various conditions.

Injecting cosyntropin into grizzly bears increases blood cortisol but doesn't change hair cortisol levels.

A patient with myotonic dystrophy had several autoimmune disorders and thyroid cancer, suggesting a possible link between these conditions.

The vitamin D receptor has many roles in the body beyond managing calcium, affecting the immune system, hair growth, muscles, fat, bone marrow, and cancer cells.

Adding human hair to cement can make it tougher and better insulated but also more porous.