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Improving artificial vascular grafts requires better materials and surface designs to reduce blood clotting and support blood vessel cell growth.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.

Human skin makes sexual hormones that affect hair growth, skin health, and healing; too much can cause acne and hair loss, while treatments can manage these conditions.

The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

The conclusion is that proper signaling is crucial for hair growth and development, and errors can lead to cancer or hair loss.

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.

Skin cells produce and activate vitamin D, which regulates skin functions and supports hair growth.

The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.

Androgens can help prevent memory problems caused by apoE4.

Stress-related substance P may lead to hair loss and negatively affect hair growth.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

The enzyme 25 Hydroxyvitamin D 1 α-Hydroxylase is essential for healthy skin and recovery after skin damage.

Periodontal ligament stem cells show promise for regrowing tissues but require more research for safe, effective use.

The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.

Inflammation may be linked to hair loss, and targeting specific enzymes could help treat it.

Macrophages help heal nerves by aiding the maturation of Schwann cells and are important for nerve repair.

Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.

Normal skin cell renewal doesn't need RAR signaling, but vitamin A-related skin thickening does.

Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.

TRP channels in the skin are important for sensation and health, and targeting them could help treat skin disorders.

Hair follicles produce and respond to melatonin, affecting hair growth and sensitivity to estrogen.

The telogen phase of hair growth is active and important for preparing hair follicles for regeneration, not just a resting stage.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling controls cell development and repair, and its malfunction can cause disorders and cancer, but it also offers potential for targeted therapies.

The article concludes that the wool follicle is a valuable model for studying tissue interactions and has potential for genetic improvements in wool production.

Androgens have complex effects on hair growth, promoting it in some areas but causing hair loss in others, and our understanding of this is still evolving.

Blocking the Wnt pathway could lead to new treatments for cancer and tissue repair but requires careful development to avoid side effects.

Too much Smad7 can cause serious changes in skin tissues, including problems with hair growth, thymus shrinkage, and eye development issues.