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This study reports that testosterone requires conversion to DHT and estradiol for its various actions on external genitalia and bone, influencing lean mass, muscle size, strength, and body fat in hypogonadal males.

This review evaluates the use of 5α-reductase inhibitors in feminising hormone therapy, finding their additive feminising benefits unclear due to their specific action on testosterone conversion, with concerns highlighted regarding limited supporting evidence and safety signals, particularly for psychiatric and sexual effects.

This review examines various androgen deprivation therapy methods for advanced prostate cancer, highlighting benefits and potential cardiovascular and sexual adverse effects, but reports no new clinical results.

This case report describes a woman in her 30s who had virilisation and androgenic alopecia due to a testosterone-secreting ovarian tumor, which normalized after its surgical removal.

This chapter reviews recent findings on androgen receptor function, structure, and interactions, highlighting post-translational modifications and mutations related to prostate cancer, but reports no new experimental results.

This study found that the androgen precursors DHEA and androstenedione stimulated androgen-sensitive parameters in the sebaceous glands of the skin in castrated male hamsters.

This case study found that in a male-to-female transgender individual, long-term cyproterone use led to decreased bone mass, which improved with additional oestradiol treatment, highlighting the anabolic role of oestrogens on bone health.

This study found that transgender and gender diverse patients on masculinizing hormone therapy had 2.5 times the rate of androgenetic alopecia compared to cisgender women.

This review discusses the impact of hormonal changes on female skin and hair loss and suggests that antiandrogenic treatments may help mitigate these effects, but reports no new clinical results.

This article argues that androgen sensitivity could be a key factor in the severity of COVID-19, suggesting that trials with anti-androgen agents may be warranted.

This review discusses the role of androgen hormones in skin and hair conditions and highlights the potential of antiandrogen therapies in dermatology, reporting no new results.

This report describes a rare case of elevated serum DHEAS levels in a postmenopausal woman, linked to an ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor rather than the adrenal glands, challenging common assumptions about androgen sources.

In this case study, a 69-year-old woman with signs of virilization and high testosterone levels was found to have an ovarian steroid cell tumor, highlighting the importance of systematically investigating such symptoms in postmenopausal women to determine the underlying etiology and prevent poor prognosis.

This article discusses the impact of estrogens on hair follicle growth in female pattern hair loss, noting their ability to increase anagen phase and suppress telogen phase, but reports no new clinical results.

This abstract reviews the use and effects of various antiandrogens, finding clinical benefits in treating hyperandrogenism in women and improvements in urinary symptoms or cancer management in men, but it reports no new clinical results.

This case study reports a rare instance of an estradiol-secreting adrenocortical carcinoma in a 58-year-old male, causing feminization and Marie-Antoinette syndrome, with potential paraneoplastic aortitis.

This review discusses the concept of andropause, preferring the term "androgen decline in the aging male" (ADAM), and emphasizes the need for urologists to recognize its manifestations and manage its treatment, but reports no new clinical results.

In this study, researchers found that oestrogen did not increase adrenal androgen secretion in children with premature adrenarche or in adolescents with gonadal dysgenesis undergoing oestrogen replacement therapy.

This case report describes a woman with virilization syndrome who experienced a reduction in androgen levels and reversal of alopecia after removal of a Leydig cell tumor from her ovary.

Antiandrogen therapy may be beneficial for women with hidradenitis suppurativa.

This article reviews the use of anti-androgens for dermatological conditions linked to androgen involvement and reports encouraging clinical experiences in females, with use in males limited to specific conditions due to toxicity concerns.

This study suggests that dihydrotestosterone plays a key role in the development of chronic allograft nephropathy, and inhibiting androgens may improve long-term kidney transplant outcomes.

This review discusses the role of androgens in male sexual differentiation and characteristics and reports no new clinical results; it emphasizes the androgen dependence of male pattern scalp hair loss.