Obesity in Adults: Position Statement of Various Polish Medical Associations

    March 2023 in “ Nutrients ”
    Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz, Artur Mazur, Jerzy Chudek, Beata Kos–Kudła, Leszek Markuszewski, Dominika Dudek, Piotr Major, Piotr Małczak, Wiesław Tarnowski, Paweł Jaworski, Elżbieta Tomiak
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    TLDR The conclusion is that obesity should be managed with a slow, balanced approach to diet and exercise, with medication and surgery as additional options, and education and access to care are important.
    The position statement from various Polish medical associations provides a comprehensive guide on adult obesity, its diagnosis, causes, treatment, and complications. Obesity is diagnosed based on waist circumference and body fat percentage, with primary causes being excessive food intake, decreased physical activity, consumption of highly processed food, and genetic factors. Emotional eating and eating disorders also contribute significantly. Obesity is associated with various health conditions, including hormonal disturbances, depression, anxiety, and certain medications can exacerbate weight gain. Obesity can lead to disability, job loss, early retirement, and increases the risk of various metabolic complications. The statement emphasizes the importance of slow, systematic weight loss through balanced diet and increased physical activity, discouraging rapid weight loss due to associated risks. It introduces the "Five A's" rule for obesity treatment: Ask, Assess, Advise, Agree, and Assist. Pharmacotherapy should be used as an adjunct to lifestyle therapy, not as a standalone treatment. The document also discusses the role of bariatric surgery in obesity treatment, stating that it should be performed in specialized centers and that non-surgical treatment should be attempted first. The statement calls for increased education about obesity for both healthcare professionals and the public, improved access to comprehensive obesity care, and efforts to reduce obesity stigma.
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