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The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.

5α‐reductase isozymes are crucial for prostate development and health, and targeting them can help prevent and treat prostate issues.

Male hormones like testosterone may make COVID-19 worse, and testing for sensitivity to these hormones could help predict how severe a patient's symptoms might be. Treatments that reduce these hormones are being explored.

Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.

Testosterone helps prevent skin damage in males by acting through both estrogen and androgen pathways.

Many potential alopecia treatments need more testing to confirm they promote acceptable hair growth with minimal side effects.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Androgens and a high-fat diet may increase the risk of severe COVID-19 in women with PCOS by upregulating certain proteins in the heart and kidneys.

HA-stimulated stem cell vesicles improved hair growth in male mice with androgenetic alopecia.

Spironolactone is safe for treating female hair loss, but the safety of other drugs is uncertain.

A man's breast enlargement from low-dose finasteride for hair loss didn't go away, even with treatment, and might be more common than reported.

The T-zone on the face has more androgen receptors and produces more oil than the U-zone.

Antiandrogens and androgen inhibitors like spironolactone, finasteride, and dutasteride can treat hair loss and skin conditions, but they have risks and side effects, including potential harm to pregnant women and risks of cancer and heart issues. Herbal remedies also have antiandrogenic effects but lack safety validation.

Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.

New findings explain how genetic changes, body clocks, and certain molecules affect tissue response to stress hormones.

Blocking the prolactin receptor might help treat various diseases, but more research is needed.

A protein called ectodysplasin-A2 increases a hair growth inhibitor in balding cells, which could be a target for hair loss treatment.

MC4R gene variants not linked to female hair loss.

Human skin cells contain Protease Nexin-1, and male hormones can decrease its levels, potentially affecting hair growth.

Blocking the mineralocorticoid receptor can help treat skin thinning caused by steroids.

Thyroid hormones and androgens affect gene expression in frog reproductive organs differently between males and females.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

Melatonin helps regulate hair growth and protects the hair follicle from stress.

Lack or blocking of SRD5a, a key component in hormone creation, can lead to conditions like pseudohermaphrodism and affect hair growth, bone mass, muscle strength, and reproductive health. More research is needed on its regulation from fertilization to adulthood.

SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, can affect all endocrine organs and systems, altering their function and potentially leading to disorders. Factors like diabetes and obesity increase infection risk and severity. Understanding these effects is key for effective treatment.

Men, particularly those with hair loss, are more likely to get the virus, and those with prostate cancer may have milder symptoms. Testosterone's role in the disease is unclear, and the virus doesn't seem to harm male fertility. Women with PCOS might be at higher risk. More research is needed.

Medications for PCOS don't seem to raise heart disease risk.

Blocking androgen activity in newborn rats affects body weight and appetite-related hormones differently in males and females.

PCOS is a common hormonal disorder with symptoms like irregular periods and excess hair growth, managed with lifestyle changes and medications.