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PCOS affects about 4% of women in the southeastern U.S. equally across Black and White populations.

The bulletin provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing PCOS, suggesting weight loss, hormonal contraceptives, and diabetes screening, with clomiphene for infertility and various treatments for excess hair.

Most women referred for excess male hormone symptoms had polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with other conditions being less common.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.

Human skin makes sexual hormones that affect hair growth, skin health, and healing; too much can cause acne and hair loss, while treatments can manage these conditions.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

PCOS is a complex disorder in women that can lead to various health risks and requires personalized treatment.

Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.

The document concludes that understanding hair follicle biology can lead to better hair loss treatments.

Noggin is necessary to start the hair growth phase in skin after birth.

Hair color production in mice is closely linked to the hair growth phase and may also influence hair growth itself.

Antiandrogens like flutamide are effective in treating conditions like prostate cancer and hair loss, but there's a need for more potent versions. Understanding their structure can help develop better treatments.

Early diagnosis and treatment, using finasteride, minoxidil, or hair transplantation, improves hair loss outcomes.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Hair loss causes stress and affects mental health; treatment and support needed.

Stress-related substance P may lead to hair loss and negatively affect hair growth.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Women with PCOS have overall higher body fat, not abnormal fat placement, and more insulin resistance.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

Different types of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have varying severity, with Type I being the most severe and common.

Postpartum depression is linked to changes in brain chemicals, inflammation, stress, and certain genes, and can potentially be identified by markers like specific steroids, serotonin levels, and vitamin D levels.

Most women with hirsutism or androgenic alopecia had polycystic ovaries, especially if they had irregular periods.

Stress can stop hair growth in mice, and treatments can reverse this effect.

No single treatment is consistently effective for alopecia areata, and more research is needed.

The telogen phase of hair growth is active and important for preparing hair follicles for regeneration, not just a resting stage.

Understanding how cells die in the skin is important for treating skin diseases and preventing hair loss.

Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a big role in acne, but most acne sufferers don't have a hormone disorder. Hormonal treatments, including birth control pills, can be very effective for women whose acne doesn't improve with regular treatments.