Trichoscopy and Trichogram: Diagnostic Methods for Hair and Scalp Disorders

May 2017 in “ InTech eBooks ”

Melike Kibar

trichoscopy trichogram androgenetic alopecia alopecia areata telogen effluvium yellow dots black dots white dots hair follicle trichotillomania tinea capitis cicatricial alopecias trichothiodystrophy polarized microscopy AGA AA TE

Studysummary This article describes various hair and scalp examination techniques, including noninvasive, semi-invasive, and invasive methods, noting that trichoscopy is a simple, well-accepted, noninvasive technique for evaluating hair loss patients and monitoring treatment.

Our plain-language summary. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer

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Research cited in this study

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research Trichoscopy as a Useful Method to Differentiate Tinea Capitis from Alopecia Areata in Children at Zagazig University Hospitals

26 citations , September 2016 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

This study aimed to identify trichoscopic features that help differentiate between tinea capitis and alopecia areata in children, enhancing diagnosis and treatment decisions visually and non-invasively.

research Dermoscopy in General Dermatology: A Practical Overview

243 citations , September 2016 in “Dermatology and Therapy”

This article provides an overview of how dermoscopy can aid in the noninvasive diagnosis of various general dermatological disorders, grouped by clinical presentation, but reports no new clinical results.

research Relevance of Trichoscopy in the Differential Diagnosis of Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Study from North India

38 citations , January 2016 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology”

This study found that trichoscopy was useful in diagnosing different types of alopecia, with specific trichoscopic features aiding in the differential diagnosis.

research Trichoscopic Findings of Androgenetic Alopecia and Their Association with Disease Severity

30 citations , March 2015 in “Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that certain trichoscopic features like white peripilar sign, yellow dots, and scalp pigmentation are positively correlated with the severity of androgenetic alopecia in Chinese patients.

research Scalp Dermoscopy or Trichoscopy

69 citations , January 2015 in “Current problems in dermatology”

This review discusses trichoscopy as a noninvasive, effective technique for diagnosing various hair loss conditions and monitoring treatment, highlighting its potential to reduce scalp biopsy necessity.

research Dermoscopic Findings in Scalp Psoriasis and Seborrheic Dermatitis: Two New Signs; Signet Ring Vessel and Hidden Hair

40 citations , December 2014 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that trichoscopy can effectively differentiate scalp psoriasis from seborrheic dermatitis by identifying specific trichoscopic patterns such as hidden hairs, signet ring vessels, and comma vessels.

research Evaluation and Diagnosis of the Hair Loss Patient

69 citations , August 2014 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This review discusses recent advances in trichoscopy for differentiating types of alopecia and presents a systematic approach for using its diagnostic findings, but reports no new clinical results.

research Scalp Dermatoscopic Findings in Androgenetic Alopecia and Their Relations with Disease Severity

30 citations , January 2014 in “Annals of Dermatology”

This study observed no significant relationship between trichoscopic findings and disease severity in male or female androgenetic alopecia, despite some specific patterns correlating with different severity levels in female patients.

research Hair Shafts in Trichoscopy

86 citations , October 2013 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

Trichoscopy is a useful non-invasive method for diagnosing different hair loss conditions.

research Trichoscopic Findings in Alopecia Areata and Their Relation to Disease Activity, Severity, and Clinical Subtype in Turkish Patients

26 citations , August 2013 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that certain trichoscopic patterns, like exclamation mark hairs, were associated with active or mild alopecia areata in Turkish patients, aiding in diagnosis and prediction of the disease.

research Absence of Vellus Hair in the Hairline: A Videodermatoscopic Feature of Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia

33 citations , August 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Lack of small, fine hair on the front hairline is a key sign of frontal fibrosing alopecia.

research Follicular Red Dots: A Normal Trichoscopy Feature in Patients with Pigmentary Disorders?

14 citations , June 2013 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia”

This report found follicular red dots in patients with scalp pigmentary disorders, suggesting they might be linked to the scalp's vascular structure and may have implications for conditions like discoid lupus erythematosus.

research Methods of Hair Loss Evaluation: A Comparison of TrichoScan with the Modified Wash Test

14 citations , May 2013 in “Experimental Dermatology”

This study found that the modified wash test was generally more effective than TrichoScan® for diagnosing hair loss, particularly telogen effluvium, though both methods showed only fair concordance with clinical diagnosis.

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- and Active-Controlled, Half-Head Study to Evaluate the Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Alopecia Areata

research A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- and Active-Controlled, Half-Head Study to Evaluate the Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Alopecia Areata

205 citations , April 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

In this study, platelet-rich plasma significantly increased hair regrowth and reduced symptoms of alopecia areata compared to triamcinolone acetonide or placebo, with no observed side effects.

research Trichoscopy in Alopecias: Diagnosis Simplified

96 citations , January 2013 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This article reviews the use of trichoscopy for diagnosing various types of alopecia and reports no new clinical results; it is suggested as a non-invasive method for diagnosis and monitoring treatment responses.

research Vellus Hairs in the Frontal Scalp in Early Female Pattern Hair Loss

10 citations , January 2013 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This study suggests that the presence of more than six vellus hairs in the frontal scalp at 20-fold magnification can be an additional criterion for diagnosing early female pattern hair loss.

research Is Trichoscopy a Reliable Tool to Diagnose Early Female Pattern Hair Loss?

10 citations , January 2013 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This study found that trichoscopy using anisotrichosis criteria was 75% sensitive and 61.54% specific in diagnosing early female pattern hair loss in women without visible hair thinning.

research Primary Cicatricial Alopecias

18 citations , October 2012 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

This article discusses primary cicatricial alopecias, a group of rare inflammatory scalp disorders resulting in permanent hair loss, and reports no new findings.

research Trichoscopy

42 citations , October 2012 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

This article reviews the use of trichoscopy for diagnosing common hair and scalp diseases and introduces a new classification for specific skin surface abnormalities, without presenting new clinical results.

research Exclamation Marks and Other Trichoscopic Signs of Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia

33 citations , September 2012 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology”

This article reviews trichoscopic signs of chemotherapy-induced alopecia, including exclamation marks, but reports no new clinical results.

research Dermatoscopy of Hair Shaft Disorders

68 citations , August 2012 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

This paper discusses the use of dermatoscopy as a fast, noninvasive technique for diagnosing hair shaft disorders and reports no new results; the authors highlight its advantages over traditional microscopy methods.

research Black Dots Seen Under Trichoscopy Are Not Specific for Alopecia Areata

42 citations , June 2012 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology”

This study found that 'black dots' seen under trichoscopy are not specific to alopecia areata and may occur in various other hair and scalp conditions.

research Hair and Scalp Dermatoscopy

245 citations , March 2012 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This review discusses the dermoscopic features of common hair and scalp disorders and reports no new clinical results, aiming to assist dermatologists in diagnosing conditions like tinea capitis and alopecia areata.

research Female Pattern Hair Loss: Clinical and Laboratory Findings and Trichoscopy Depending on Disease Severity

28 citations , January 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This study observed that specific trichoscopic features like white peripilar signs, scalp pigmentation, and focal atrichia are associated with advanced female pattern hair loss in Fitzpatrick skin type III patients.

research Value of Trichoscopy Versus Trichogram for Diagnosis of Female Androgenetic Alopecia

45 citations , January 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This study reported that trichoscopy is a more effective diagnostic tool than the trichogram for early diagnosis of FAGA, regardless of hair shaft diversity cut-off levels.

research Assessment of Hair Density and Caliber in Caucasian and Asian Female Subjects with Female Pattern Hair Loss Using the Folliscope

24 citations , December 2011 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that Caucasian female hair is denser than Asian female hair in the occipital region regardless of treatment but thinner in diameter in both the frontal and occipital regions.

research Trichoscopy Update 2011

178 citations , December 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Case Reports”

This review discusses the application of trichoscopy in diagnosing various hair and scalp diseases and reports no new clinical results; the authors emphasize its role as a non-invasive diagnostic tool.

research Lonely Hair

63 citations , October 2011 in “Archives of Dermatology”

Isolated long hairs at the original hairline can help diagnose Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia.

research Dermatoscopy: Alternative Uses in Daily Clinical Practice

157 citations , June 2011

Dermatoscopy and videodermatoscopy are useful for diagnosing and monitoring various skin, hair, and nail conditions.

research Corkscrew Hair: A New Dermoscopic Sign for Diagnosis of Tinea Capitis in Black Children

108 citations , March 2011 in “Archives of Dermatology”

Corkscrew hair may be a new sign for quickly diagnosing scalp fungus in black children.

research Reflectance Confocal Microscopy of the Yellow Dot Pattern in Alopecia Areata

39 citations , January 2011 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This study found that the yellow dot pattern observed in dermoscopy of alopecia areata corresponds to inefficient follicular structures containing hair remnants, as corroborated by reflectance confocal microscopy and pathological findings.

research Utility of Dermoscopy in Alopecia Areata

76 citations , January 2011 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology/Indian journal of dermatology”

In this study, researchers identified yellow dots as the most common dermoscopic feature of alopecia areata, followed by black dots, broken hairs, short vellus hair, and tapering hairs.

research Trichoscopy for Common Hair Loss Diseases: Algorithmic Method for Diagnosis

89 citations , December 2010 in “The Journal of Dermatology”

This study describes characteristic trichoscopic features of various hair loss diseases and proposes an algorithmic method for diagnosing them, but reports no new clinical results.

research Pinpoint White Dots in the Scalp: Dermoscopic and Histopathologic Correlation

60 citations , September 2010 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Small white dots on the scalp seen with a dermoscope correspond to sweat ducts and vary with different hair disorders.

research Coudability Hairs: A Revisited Sign of Alopecia Areata Assessed by Trichoscopy

56 citations , June 2010 in “Clinical and experimental dermatology”

In this study, coudability hairs were identified as a useful marker for assessing disease activity in patients with alopecia areata and may serve as an alternative to the hair-pull test.

research Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: Role of Dermoscopy in Differential Diagnosis

33 citations , January 2010 in “Case reports in dermatology”

This article presents a case study of a 50-year-old woman with frontal fibrosing alopecia and discusses the role of dermoscopy in differentiating it from other types of alopecia, reporting no new clinical results.

research Monilethrix in Pattern Distribution in Siblings: Diagnosis by Trichoscopy

21 citations , January 2010 in “International journal of trichology”

This report on two Indian male siblings with monilethrix highlights trichoscopy's role in diagnosing this condition, which can be complicated by early-onset androgenetic alopecia.

research Automated Digital Image Analysis (TrichoScan) for Human Hair Growth Analysis: Ease Versus Errors

21 citations , January 2010 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This study concluded that TrichoScan is error-prone in its current form and overestimates certain hair growth parameters, with results not aligning with clinical severity of alopecia.

research Trichoscopy in the Healthy Female: Method Standardization and Norms for Measurable Parameters

46 citations , April 2009 in “Journal of Dermatological Case Reports”

This study established standard trichoscopy norms for adult white females, providing benchmarks for hair thickness, percentage of thin hairs, and pilosebaceous units with single hair across different scalp areas.

research Scalp Dermoscopy of Androgenetic Alopecia in Asian People

67 citations , February 2009 in “Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that dermoscopy can be a useful tool for diagnosing androgenetic alopecia, particularly in determining hair diameter diversity as an essential feature in Asian populations.

research Dermoscopy in Female Androgenic Alopecia: Method Standardization and Diagnostic Criteria

129 citations , January 2009 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This study found that trichoscopy criteria can distinguish female androgenic alopecia from chronic telogen effluvium, with specific features achieving 98% diagnostic specificity.

research Dermoscopy Findings of Alopecia Areata in an African-American Patient

25 citations , December 2008 in “Journal of Dermatological Case Reports”

This case report describes alopecia areata dermoscopy in an African-American patient, revealing novel patterns such as a diffuse honeycomb-like pigmented network and white dots, suggesting skin color may affect dermoscopic findings.

research Dermoscopy: What's New?

39 citations , December 2008 in “Clinics in Dermatology”

This article reviews recent trends and developments in dermoscopy, highlighting its expanding use beyond pigmented lesions, and reports no new clinical results.

research Hair Shaft Videodermoscopy in Netherton Syndrome

41 citations , December 2008 in “Pediatric Dermatology”

This case report indicates that trichoscopy may significantly improve the diagnosis of Netherton syndrome by noninvasively identifying typical hair abnormalities without the need to pull hair.

research Comma Hairs: A Dermatoscopic Marker for Tinea Capitis

143 citations , October 2008 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that comma hairs are a distinctive feature of tinea capitis caused by Microsporum canis, distinguishing it from alopecia areata, which is characterized by exclamation mark hairs.

research Trichoscopy

44 citations , August 2008 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This abstract provides no results; it is a website notification about cookies and general access to JAMA content.

research Trichoscopy in Genetic Hair Shaft Abnormalities

74 citations , July 2008 in “Journal of Dermatological Case Reports”

This study found that trichoscopy can diagnose genetic hair shaft abnormalities without plucking or cutting hair, by visualizing characteristic features in a single session.

research Lichen Planopilaris: Chronic Scarring Alopecia with Autoimmune Component

90 citations , July 2008 in “Dermatologic therapy”

This article reviews lichen planopilaris, a chronic scarring alopecia, and explores recent treatment developments, but it reports no new clinical results.

research Folliculitis Decalvans: A Rare Inflammatory Scalp Disorder

112 citations , July 2008 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

This review outlines the diagnosis and management of folliculitis decalvans, an inflammatory scalp disorder, and highlights Staphylococcus aureus and immune response deficiencies as key factors in its development.

research Clinical Significance of Dermoscopy in Alopecia Areata: Analysis of 300 Cases

196 citations , June 2008 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that dermoscopic indicators like black dots and tapering hairs are valuable markers for diagnosing and assessing the severity and activity of alopecia areata in Asian patients.

research The Histopathologic Spectrum of Psoriasis

111 citations , November 2007 in “Clinics in Dermatology”

This article discusses the histologic features of psoriasis, including psoriasiform epidermal hyperplasia and neutrophilic involvement, but reports no new clinical findings.

research Anisotrichosis: A Novel Term to Describe Pattern Alopecia

25 citations , April 2007 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This article introduces the term "anisotrichosis" to describe the significant variation in hair shaft diameters observed in pattern alopecia, drawing a parallel to anisocytosis seen in blood smears, but reports no new research findings.

research Videodermoscopy in the Evaluation of Hair and Scalp Disorders

304 citations , July 2006 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This study found that videodermoscopy enhances diagnostic accuracy for scalp and hair disorders beyond simple clinical inspection and reveals novel disease features that could improve clinical understanding.

research Natural Scalp Hair Regression in Preclinical Stages of Male Androgenetic Alopecia and Its Reversal by Finasteride

24 citations , January 2006 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology”

This study found that finasteride (1 mg/day) appeared to reverse the shortening of the hair cycle in androgen sensitive sites but did not convert miniaturized hair into terminal hair.

research Histological Features of Peripilar Signs Associated with Androgenetic Alopecia

95 citations , January 2004 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”

This study found that peripilar signs on the scalp are linked to perifollicular lymphocytic infiltrates in early androgenetic alopecia, detectable even in areas with high hair density.

research Alopecia Areata in C3H/HeJ Mice Involves Leukocyte-Mediated Root Sheath Disruption in Advance of Overt Hair Loss

37 citations , November 2003 in “Veterinary pathology”

This study showed that in C3H/HeJ mice, focal follicular inflammation starts before overt hair loss, with inflammation severity possibly reaching a threshold causing hair follicle dystrophy prior to visible hair loss.

research TrichoScan: A Novel Tool for the Analysis of Hair Growth In Vivo

70 citations , June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings”

This study reports that the TrichoScan method effectively measures hair growth parameters and detected significant improvements in hair counts and thickness in men with androgenetic alopecia after finasteride treatment.